Hit them in the Wallet! An Analysis of the Indian Demonetization as a Counter-Insurgency Policy

Edoardo Chiarotti and Nathalie Monnet

No 03-2019, IHEID Working Papers from Economics Section, The Graduate Institute of International Studies

Abstract: In this paper, we study empirically how a policy targeting the cash-funding system of armed groups affects criminal activities, focusing on the 2016 Indian Banknote Demonetization as a natural experiment. We take advantage of a unique dataset on daily surrenders of the Maoist insurgents in India between 2006 and 2018. In order to measure the exposure of the conflict to the policy in different districts, we use three sources of access to funding for Maoists, namely mineral resources, public works’ contractors and forest products. Our results suggest that there is a positive and significant impact of the demonetization on surrenders of Maoist extremists. We find a lower increase in surrenders where insurgents have higher abilities to raise new cash through mineral resources and public works, while we find a sharper increase in districts that rely on subsistence agriculture. This paper provides evidence that policies that curb illicit cash flows have the desired impact of deterring illegal and violent activities.

Keywords: Counterinsurgency; Conflict; Demonetization (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: C23 D74 E50 Q34 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Pages: 26 pages
Date: 2019
New Economics Papers: this item is included in nep-mac
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Citations: View citations in EconPapers (1)

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