Brevets et accès aux médicaments dans les pays en développement

Emmanuel Combe and Étienne Pfister ()
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Emmanuel Combe: ESCP-EAP - ESCP-EAP - Ecole Supérieure de Commerce de Paris, TEAM - Théories et Applications en Microéconomie et Macroéconomie - UP1 - Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UPEC UP12 - Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12
Étienne Pfister: BETA - Bureau d'Économie Théorique et Appliquée - INRA - Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique - UNISTRA - Université de Strasbourg - UL - Université de Lorraine - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, CREDESPO - Centre de Recherche et d'Etude en Droit et Science Politique [Dijon] - UB - Université de Bourgogne - UBFC - Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE], TEAM - Théories et Applications en Microéconomie et Macroéconomie - UP1 - Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique

Université Paris1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (Post-Print and Working Papers) from HAL

Abstract: Patent and Drugs in Developing Countries. This article surveys the empirical literature on how patents affect access to drugs in developing countries. In the short run, higher prices and lower access rates are very likely, notably for those countries that benefited from a competitive supply before the TRIPS agreement came into force. The increase in prices can be mitigated if the pharmaceutical firms take into account the low revenues of their patients, which is more probable if external pricing and parallel imports are banned. The importing states can also bargain down the prices, thanks to price controls, compulsory licensing and grouped procurement. The effect of patent protection in the long run remains more uncertain, but the incentives to innovate are likely to be only marginally influenced by the added patent protection, mainly because of the sheer poverty of the countries where patent protection has been introduced.

Keywords: Drugs accessibility; Pays sous-développés; Accès aux médicaments (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2004
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Published in Revue Française d'Economie, 2004, 19 (2), pp.89-119. ⟨10.3406/rfeco.2004.1548⟩

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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:hal:cesptp:hal-00279320

DOI: 10.3406/rfeco.2004.1548

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