Le sous-emploi: pourquoi?

Maurice Comte ()
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Maurice Comte: LEFI - Laboratoire d'Economie de la Firme et des Institutions - UL2 - Université Lumière - Lyon 2

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Abstract: The under-utilization of manpower is generally evaluated by the rate of unemployment. Because of the insufficiencies of this indicator the ILO has formalized a complementary notion of " underemployment ". In France, during the 1990th, time-related underemployment was quickly growing (+ 96%), contributing to the stabilisation of unemployment. Without any known precedent, this phenomenon can be attributed to a growing need of flexibility (in volume) of manpower, justifying a large use of part-time work. However, analysis shows that this evolution towards a part-time model is not a general phenomenon; this is confirmed by a sector study of french economy. For " industry ", underemployment is very low, not related to unemployment rate, and so appears to be disconnected of the main full-time labour market. For tertiary sector and service industries, visible underemployment is correlated to unemployment and results of the complementarity between the two segments (full-time, part-time) of the labour market. These models are very robust, even for sectors which seem to be out of range. Thus, the time-related underemployment would result of the conjunction of a durable evolution toward a flexible management of the work's duration and of a short-term excess of labour supply. In this case, the lowering of unemployment could induce a serious challenge for the new flexible organizations.

Keywords: underemployment; flexibility; dualism; part-time work; sous-emploi; flexibilité; dualisme; temps partiel (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2005-07
Note: View the original document on HAL open archive server: https://hal.science/hal-00136999
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Published in Travail et Emploi, 2005, pp.63-83

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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:hal:journl:hal-00136999

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