Pôles de compétitivité: les limites d'une gouvernance locale de l'innovation

Marie Ferru () and Olivier Bouba-Olga
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Marie Ferru: CRIEF [Poitiers] - Centre de recherche sur l'intégration économique et financière - UP - Université de Poitiers = University of Poitiers

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Abstract: Since July 2005, the French government decided to develop competitiveness clusters, in order to support innovative projects and to improve the specialization of the French economy on high-tech activities. This new industrial policy encourages the association of companies, research centers and educational institutions on a given local area. In this article, we show that this policy suffers from several limits. By focusing on technological innovations in high tech activities, it underestimates organizational innovations and the role of key institutions (financial system, labor market institutions). Moreover, it is assumed that innovation is a local process, whereas the main part of empirical studies and some of the latest developments of spatial economics show that this process needs both local and non local relationships. Finally, it seems that regional policies should take into account (and to improve) organized proximity rather than geographical proximity in order to sustain the innovation process, knowing that organized proximity is often the product of earlier social, economic and organizational relations.

Keywords: clusters; local bias; organised proximity; pôles de compétitivité; innovation; localisme; proximité organisée (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2008-08-04
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Published in Œconomia - History/Methodology/Philosophy, 2008, XLII (8), pp.1391-1412

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Working Paper: Pôles de compétitivité: les limites d'une gouvernance locale de l'innovation (2008)
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