Does diet quality explain socioeconomic difference in metabolic syndrome in French West Indies?

Zoé Colombet (), Marlène Perignon (), Benoit Salanave, Edwige Landais (), Yves Martin-Prével (), Benjamin Allès (), Sophie Drogué, Marie Josephe Amiot-Carlin () and Caroline Méjean ()
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Zoé Colombet: UMR MOISA - Marchés, Organisations, Institutions et Stratégies d'Acteurs - Cirad - Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement - INRA - Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique - Montpellier SupAgro - Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques - CIHEAM-IAMM - Centre International de Hautes Etudes Agronomiques Méditerranéennes - Institut Agronomique Méditerranéen de Montpellier - CIHEAM - Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes - Montpellier SupAgro - Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier, Montpellier SupAgro - Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier
Marlène Perignon: UMR MOISA - Marchés, Organisations, Institutions et Stratégies d'Acteurs - Cirad - Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement - INRA - Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique - Montpellier SupAgro - Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques - CIHEAM-IAMM - Centre International de Hautes Etudes Agronomiques Méditerranéennes - Institut Agronomique Méditerranéen de Montpellier - CIHEAM - Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes - Montpellier SupAgro - Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier
Benoit Salanave: Santé publique France - French National Public Health Agency [Saint-Maurice, France]
Edwige Landais: IRD - Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, NutriPass - Nutrition et Alimentation des Populations aux Suds - UM1 - Université Montpellier 1 - IRD - Institut de Recherche pour le Développement - UM2 - Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques - UM - Université de Montpellier - Montpellier SupAgro - Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier
Yves Martin-Prével: NutriPass - Nutrition et Alimentation des Populations aux Suds - UM1 - Université Montpellier 1 - IRD - Institut de Recherche pour le Développement - UM2 - Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques - UM - Université de Montpellier - Montpellier SupAgro - Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier
Benjamin Allès: CRESS (U1153 / UMR_A_1125 / UMR_S_1153) - Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistique Sorbonne Paris Cité - INRA - Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique - UPD7 - Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 - UPD5 - Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 - USPC - Université Sorbonne Paris Cité - INSERM - Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale
Marie Josephe Amiot-Carlin: UMR MOISA - Marchés, Organisations, Institutions et Stratégies d'Acteurs - Cirad - Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement - INRA - Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique - Montpellier SupAgro - Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques - CIHEAM-IAMM - Centre International de Hautes Etudes Agronomiques Méditerranéennes - Institut Agronomique Méditerranéen de Montpellier - CIHEAM - Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes - Montpellier SupAgro - Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier
Caroline Méjean: UMR MOISA - Marchés, Organisations, Institutions et Stratégies d'Acteurs - Cirad - Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement - INRA - Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique - Montpellier SupAgro - Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques - CIHEAM-IAMM - Centre International de Hautes Etudes Agronomiques Méditerranéennes - Institut Agronomique Méditerranéen de Montpellier - CIHEAM - Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes - Montpellier SupAgro - Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier

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Abstract: Introduction and objective Obesity and chronic diseases represent a major health burden in the Caribbean, particularly since a large part of the population is disadvantaged. However, socioeconomic inequalities in chronic diseases are poorly explored in the Caribbean and the contribution of diet to explain these inequalities has not been studied yet. We therefore investigated the association between socioeconomic position and the prevalence of the metabolic syndrome (MetS) and the mediating effect of diet quality. Methods This cross-sectional analysis included 1144 Guadeloupean and Martinican adults from the Kannari study. Dietary intakes were estimated from 24h dietary recalls and the diet quality was assessed using the Diet Quality Index-International (DQI-I). MetS was defined according to the 2009 harmonized definition, from biological data. Associations between socioeconomic indicators (education, employment status, social assistance benefits, single-parent household, presence of child in the household) and prevalence of MetS, and the mediating effect of diet quality were assessed using multivariate logistic regression models, adjusted for area of residence (Guadeloupe or Martinique), age, sex and body mass index. Results Among Guadeloupean and Martinican adults, MetS prevalence was 23%. Low and middle educated subjects (ORlow vs. high=1.9; 95%CI=[1.0-3.6] and ORmiddle vs. high=2.7; 95%CI=[1.4-5.1]) and recipients of social assistance benefits (OR=2.2; CI95%=[1.1-4.2]) were more likely to be at risk of MetS compared with individuals with high education level and non-recipients. DQI-I explained 11% of the overall educational variation in MetS and only 2% of the overall variation due to social assistance benefits. Conclusions Diet quality slightly contributes to explain the socioeconomic inequalities in MetS in these Caribbean populations. Mediating effect of other lifestyle factors such as smoking status and physical activity are needed to be investigated to better understand mechanisms of socioeconomic inequalities in MetS and therefore to guide future public health measures.

Date: 2018-11-07
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Published in EGEA VIII. Nutrition et santé, de la science à la pratique, Nov 2018, Lyon, France. , 2018

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Related works:
Working Paper: Does diet quality explain socioeconomic difference in metabolic syndrome in French West Indies? (2019)
Working Paper: Does diet quality explain socioeconomic difference in metabolic syndrome in French West Indies? (2019)
Working Paper: Does diet quality explain socioeconomic difference in metabolic syndrome in French West Indies? (2018)
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