Land reform and certification in Madagascar: does perception of tenure security matter and change?

Perrine Burnod, Nicole Andrianirina, Céline Boue, Flore Gubert, Nelly Rakoto-Tiana, Julia Vaillant, Rado Rabeantoandro and Raphaël Rotovoarinony
Additional contact information
Perrine Burnod: UMR TETIS - Territoires, Environnement, Télédétection et Information Spatiale - Cirad - Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement - AgroParisTech - CEMAGREF - Centre national du machinisme agricole, du génie rural, des eaux et forêts
Nicole Andrianirina: Marchés, Organisations, Institutions et Stratégies d'Acteurs - Cirad - Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement - INRA - Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique - CIHEAM-IAMM - Centre International de Hautes Etudes Agronomiques Méditerranéennes - Institut Agronomique Méditerranéen de Montpellier - CIHEAM - Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes - Montpellier SupAgro - Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier, Madagascar Land Observatory - Partenaires INRAE
Céline Boue: Marchés, Organisations, Institutions et Stratégies d'Acteurs - Cirad - Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement - INRA - Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique - CIHEAM-IAMM - Centre International de Hautes Etudes Agronomiques Méditerranéennes - Institut Agronomique Méditerranéen de Montpellier - CIHEAM - Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes - Montpellier SupAgro - Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier
Nelly Rakoto-Tiana: IRD - Institut de Recherche pour le Développement
Julia Vaillant: IRD - Institut de Recherche pour le Développement
Rado Rabeantoandro: Madagascar Land Observatory - Partenaires INRAE
Raphaël Rotovoarinony: Madagascar Land Observatory - Partenaires INRAE

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Abstract: The Malagasy land reform, ongoing since 2005, belongs to the new generation of land reforms. It promotes the legal recognition of existing landholders' rights (through certification) and the decentralization of land management. Despite the change of paradigm underlying this new wave of reforms, premises and expectations remain unchanged: a) rights legalization is justified by large tenure insecurity and b) rights formalization is a prerequisite to reduce conflicts over land rights, improve access to credit, boost productive investments and stimulate land markets. But before analyzing economic impacts, the relations between land reform and tenure security need to be explored. In this line, the paper first explores the determinant of the sense of tenure insecurity and underlines the complementary role of certification to informal and existing modes of rights validation (petits papiers). It shows then that decentralization of land management (through the creation of local land offices) offers a better and a more equitable access to legal information, land administration institutions, legalization of rights and devices of conflict resolution. But it also underlines that this ongoing process of legal empowerment still need to be more inclusive for the poor and discusses the ways to reinforce this process without denying the reality of local/customary land practices.

Keywords: land reform; legal empowerment; tenure security; madagascar; certification (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2012-04-23
Note: View the original document on HAL open archive server: https://hal.inrae.fr/hal-02811261v1
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Citations: View citations in EconPapers (4)

Published in Annual World Bank Conference on Land and Poverty, World Bank Groupe - Banque Mondiale. USA., Apr 2012, Washington, United States. 35 p

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