Integration in export marketing channels and farms' labor force composition: female agricultural workers in the Moroccan vegetable sector

Céline Bignebat () and Fatima El Hadad‐gauthier ()
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Céline Bignebat: SADAPT - Sciences pour l'Action et le Développement : Activités, Produits, Territoires - AgroParisTech - Université Paris-Saclay - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement
Fatima El Hadad‐gauthier: CIHEAM-IAMM - Centre International de Hautes Etudes Agronomiques Méditerranéennes - Institut Agronomique Méditerranéen de Montpellier - CIHEAM - Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes, UMR MoISA - Montpellier Interdisciplinary center on Sustainable Agri-food systems (Social and nutritional sciences) - Cirad - Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement - IRD - Institut de Recherche pour le Développement - CIHEAM-IAMM - Centre International de Hautes Etudes Agronomiques Méditerranéennes - Institut Agronomique Méditerranéen de Montpellier - CIHEAM - Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement - Institut Agro - Montpellier SupAgro - Institut Agro - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement

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Abstract: The Moroccan agricultural sector employs around 40% of the country's total working population. Since the early 1990s, there has been a striking increase in the proportion of female wage laborers. This article investigates the effect of the gendered composition of the agricultural wage labor force on horticultural farms. We draw on an original data set collected in 2010, comprising 240 agricultural holdings located in the region of Souss Massa. The results suggest that local labor shortages do not play a major role in explaining the ratio of female hired wage laborers. Instead, it seems that quality requirements are encouraging farm holdings to hire a female labor force.

Keywords: Morocco; Global value chain; Agricultural sector; Female labor; MAIN D'OEUVRE FEMININE; MAIN D'OEUVRE SALARIEE; GENRE FEMMES HOMMES; EXPLOITATION AGRICOLE; FEMME; CIRCUIT DE COMMERCIALISATION; CHAINE GLOBALE DE VALEUR; EXPORTATION; MAROC (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2021
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Published in Agribusiness, 2021, 37 (3), pp.515-530. ⟨10.1002/agr.21700⟩

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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:hal:journl:hal-03275592

DOI: 10.1002/agr.21700

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