Motherhood and Employment Among Whites, Hispanics, and Blacks: A Life Course Approach

Sandra Florian ()
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Sandra Florian: University of Pennsylvania

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Abstract: Research has shown that having children reduces women's employment; yet, how this effect differs for racial minorities has received less attention. Using random effects models and data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth (N = 4,526), this study investigates the association between motherhood and employment among Whites, Hispanics, and Blacks over women's entire reproductive span. Results indicate that having children reduces labor force participation primarily by deterring full-time employment. This effect is stronger and lasts longer among Whites, smaller and shorter among Hispanics, and brief among Blacks. Motherhood reduces part-time employment for young mothers, but temporarily increases it for older mothers. Early childbearing partly explains Black and Hispanic women's low employment rates at young ages; interestingly, the evidence indicates that their employment prospects would benefit the most from delaying childbearing. This study highlights the relevance of intersectionality and the life course perspective for investigating inequality in the labor market.

Keywords: Intersectionality; labor force participation; life course; maternal employment; motherhood; race (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2018
Note: View the original document on HAL open archive server: https://hal.science/hal-03420684
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Citations: View citations in EconPapers (6)

Published in Journal of Marriage and Family, 2018, 80 (1), pp.134 - 149. ⟨10.1111/jomf.12448⟩

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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:hal:journl:hal-03420684

DOI: 10.1111/jomf.12448

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