Twenty Years of “Closing the Gap” Policies in New Caledonia: Democratization of School, Persistence of Ethnic Inequalities

Vingt ans de politiques de rééquilibrage en Nouvelle-Calédonie: Démocratisation de l’école mais persistance des inégalités ethniques

Laure Hadj (), G Lavigne, Gaël Lagadec and Catherine Ris ()
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Laure Hadj: UPJV - Université de Picardie Jules Verne, CMH - Centre Maurice Halbwachs - EHESS - École des hautes études en sciences sociales - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement - Département de Sciences sociales ENS-PSL - ENS-PSL - École normale supérieure - Paris - PSL - Université Paris Sciences et Lettres, CURAPP-ESS - Centre universitaire de recherches sur l'action publique et le politique. Epistémologie et Sciences sociales - UMR CNRS UPJV 7319 - UPJV - Université de Picardie Jules Verne - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
Gaël Lagadec: UNC - Université de la Nouvelle-Calédonie, LARJE - Laboratoire de Recherches Juridique et Economique - UNC - Université de la Nouvelle-Calédonie
Catherine Ris: LARJE - Laboratoire de Recherches Juridique et Economique - UNC - Université de la Nouvelle-Calédonie, UNC - Université de la Nouvelle-Calédonie

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Abstract: Using data from the last four censuses (1989, 1996, 2004, 2009), we find that the skill level of the New Caledonian population rose sharply for all communities. However, ethnic inequalities remain important and increase with the level of the diploma, e.g. most university graduates are non-Kanak. This implies that inequalities, which already appear in primary school, may widen over the lifecycle, a finding that has implications for policies aiming to close the gap between indigenous and non-indigenous people. However inequalities decreased between 1989 and 2009. This suggests that the "massification" of access to diplomas may be accompanied by a "qualitative democratization" of school in New Caledonia.

Keywords: census; education policy; Inequalities; New Caledonia; Racial discrimination; Training level; discrimination raciale; Inégalités; Niveau de formation; Nouvelle Calédonie; Politique de l'éducation; recensement (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2012
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Published in Formation emploi : revue française des sciences sociales , 2012, 120 (4), pp.101-125. ⟨10.4000/formationemploi.3855⟩

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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:hal:journl:hal-05141199

DOI: 10.4000/formationemploi.3855

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