Israeli cyberattacks against Hezbollah in 2024: strategic consequences for the parallel state

Les cyberattaques israéliennes de 2024 contre le Hezbollah: conséquences stratégiques pour l’État parallèle

Mohamad Fadl Harake () and Évelyne Lande ()
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Mohamad Fadl Harake: CEREGE [Poitiers] - Centre de recherche en gestion [UR 13564] - UP - Université de Poitiers = University of Poitiers, MPT [Cerege] - Management Public et Territoires [Équipe du Cerege] - CEREGE [Poitiers] - Centre de recherche en gestion [UR 13564] - UP - Université de Poitiers = University of Poitiers
Évelyne Lande: MPT [Cerege] - Management Public et Territoires [Équipe du Cerege] - CEREGE [Poitiers] - Centre de recherche en gestion [UR 13564] - UP - Université de Poitiers = University of Poitiers, CEREGE [Poitiers] - Centre de recherche en gestion [UR 13564] - UP - Université de Poitiers = University of Poitiers

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Abstract: In September 2024, Israel launched a series of sophisticated cyberattacks against Hezbollah, turning its communication networks into explosive targets. These operations weakened the movement's command capabilities and disrupted its social services (health, education, social assistance), which are an essential part of its parallel governance role in Lebanon. This article analyses the effects of these attacks on Hezbollah's institutional capabilities and on the civilian populations dependent on its infrastructure. It highlights the ethical and strategic dilemmas of a digital war targeting hybrid actors, which are both military organisations and public service providers, and questions the implications for Lebanese sovereignty and international humanitarian law.

Keywords: international humanitarian law; hybrid warfare; sovereignty; Hezbollah; cyberwarfare; cyberguerre Hezbollah souveraineté droit international humanitaire guerre hybride; guerre hybride; droit international humanitaire; souveraineté; cyberguerre (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025-10-01
Note: View the original document on HAL open archive server: https://hal.science/hal-05306605v1
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Published in Revue Défense Nationale, 2025, 883, pp.33-37

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