A processual understanding of fear of failure: Insights from small-business entrepreneurs affected by a crisis

Nabil Khelil, Rozenn Perrigot () and Anna Watson ()
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Nabil Khelil: CREM - Centre de recherche en économie et management - UNICAEN - Université de Caen Normandie - NU - Normandie Université - UR - Université de Rennes - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
Rozenn Perrigot: CREM - Centre de recherche en économie et management - UNICAEN - Université de Caen Normandie - NU - Normandie Université - UR - Université de Rennes - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
Anna Watson: Edinburgh Napier University

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Abstract: Despite increasing calls for a process-oriented perspective on entrepreneurial emotions, research on fear of failure (FoF) remains largely grounded in linear models that overlook its dynamic and idiosyncratic nature. This study addresses this gap by examining how small-business entrepreneurs experience FoF as an evolving process. Drawing on in-depth interviews with 57 French entrepreneurs in the hospitality sector during the COVID-19 crisis and interpreted through the lens of appraisal theory, this study offers two key contributions. First, it provides a processual understanding of FoF by revealing the dynamics that occur before (sources), during (manifestations), and after (consequences) FoF across cognitive, emotional, and behavioral dimensions. Second, the study shows how the FoF process is shaped by individual, organizational, and environmental contingencies. These findings contribute to the limited process-based literature on FoF and emphasize fear's constructive potential through learning.

Keywords: Fear of failure; entrepreneurs; small businesses; crisis; appraisal theory (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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Published in Journal of Small Business Management, 2025, pp.1-43. ⟨10.1080/00472778.2025.2544846⟩

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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:hal:journl:hal-05317245

DOI: 10.1080/00472778.2025.2544846

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