Public transport accessibility equity: A comprehensive distributive assessment in France

Thibault Isambourg (), Louafi Bouzouina () and Dominique Mignot ()
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Thibault Isambourg: LAET - Laboratoire Aménagement Économie Transports - UL2 - Université Lumière - Lyon 2 - ENTPE - École Nationale des Travaux Publics de l'État - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
Louafi Bouzouina: LAET - Laboratoire Aménagement Économie Transports - UL2 - Université Lumière - Lyon 2 - ENTPE - École Nationale des Travaux Publics de l'État - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
Dominique Mignot: Université Gustave Eiffel

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Abstract: The distribution of accessibility is a key metric of transport equity. While increasingly studied, current assessments could be enhanced by a clearer framing of the equity principles evaluated, broader sample diversity, and the use of spatial statistics. This research evaluates an equity scenario assuming that the urban system prioritizes the poorest areas. We test whether poorer areas benefit from better job accessibility by public transport than other areas with a similar geographic context. To this end, we compute an accessibility index across 140 areas, combining high spatial resolution with comprehensive nationwide coverage, and analyze it using spatial econometric models. Results show that higher-poverty areas have accessibility levels similar to those in other comparable areas—a pattern that falls short of this equity goal. These findings call for stronger policy interventions targeting disadvantaged neighborhoods. Future research could assess complementary equity criteria, for which we suggest potential avenues.

Keywords: Job accessibility; Public transportation; Urban poverty; Transport equity; Spatial regression analysis; Social inequality (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2026-06
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Published in Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment, 2026, 155, Paper No. - 105305. ⟨10.1016/j.trd.2026.105305⟩

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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:hal:journl:hal-05625649

DOI: 10.1016/j.trd.2026.105305

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