Nexus Between Development and Political System: Evidence from Lebanon

Jassem Ajaka (), Hassan Ayoub and Wadad Saad
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Jassem Ajaka: Faculty of Sciences [Lebanese University] | Faculté des Sciences [Université Libanaise] - LU / ULB - الجامعة اللبنانية [بيروت] = Lebanese University [Beirut] = Université libanaise [Beyrouth], Faculty of Business administration and Economics, Lebanese University
Hassan Ayoub: EQUIPPE - Economie Quantitative, Intégration, Politiques Publiques et Econométrie - Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies - Université de Lille, Sciences Humaines et Sociales - PRES Université Lille Nord de France - Université de Lille, Droit et Santé
Wadad Saad: LU / ULB - الجامعة اللبنانية [بيروت] = Lebanese University [Beirut] = Université libanaise [Beyrouth]

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Abstract: Objective: This study examines the interrelationships among three fundamental spheres in Lebanon: the economic sphere, measured by economic growth; the political sphere, reflected in political stability and control of corruption; and the social sphere, measured by human development. Methods: Using a World Bank annual dataset from 1996 – 2019, the study employs four autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) models that include the following variables: economic growth, political stability, control of corruption, and the Human Development Index (HDI). Each variable is considered as a dependent variable in a model that is regressed on the other remaining variables. Findings: Empirical results reveal that the dynamic interaction between these three spheres exists in the long run and the short run. These findings demonstrate how the variables examined in this study contribute to understanding the underlying mechanisms and policy effects relevant to the research question. Originality/Value: By examining the interrelationships among the three spheres (economic, political, and social spheres) within the Lebanese context, this study addresses an important gap in the literature on the Lebanese economy. Its findings offer policy-relevant insights and contribute to the broader discussion on the design of effective economic policy in Lebanon. Policy Implication: These findings indicate that initiating a developing process at the economic, political, and social levels is a necessary step that the Lebanese authorities must take to overcome the crises that Lebanon has suffered from for decades.

Keywords: Economic Growth; Economic Development; Lebanon; Political System; ARDL Model (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2026-06-16
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Published in Journal of Developing Economies, 2026, 11 (1), pp.131-151. ⟨10.20473/jde.v11i1.79728⟩

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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:hal:journl:hal-05668384

DOI: 10.20473/jde.v11i1.79728

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