Controverses et paradoxes dans l'Europe des brevets au XIXe siècle

Gabriel Galvez-Behar

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Abstract: In 1883, patents granted in France, Germany, the United Kingdom and Belgium represented for 41% of granted worldwide patents. The Northwestern Europe in the nineteenth century appeared as an important place for the development of industrial property. However, this area was also the place of a significant patent controversy. From 1850 to 1882, no fewer than three parliamentary inquiries were launched in Britain to reform or abolish the patent laws. In France, the patent was the target of a major campaign by Michel Chevalier. In the Netherlands, the patent law was abolished in 1869. This controversy has long interested researchers. In 1950, Fritz Machlup and Edith Penrose analyzed these debates and explained its by the effects of the Great Depression and the return of protectionism. After a sharp dispute period, the 1878 Congress on Industrial Property and the Paris Union of 1883 ended the controversy.

Keywords: Patents; Controversy; 19th century; Brevets; Controverse; Europe; XIXe siècle; Innovation (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2011
Note: View the original document on HAL open archive server: https://shs.hal.science/halshs-00568016v2
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Published in Eck, Jean-François; Tilly, Pierre. Innovations et transferts de technologie en Europe du Nord-Ouest aux XIXe et XXe siècles, Peter Lang, pp.35-51, 2011, Euroclio, 978-90-5201-764-8

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