The effect of the Uruguay round on the intensive and extensive margins of trade

Ines Buono and Guy Lalanne
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Guy Lalanne: PSE - Paris School of Economics - UP1 - Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne - ENS-PSL - École normale supérieure - Paris - PSL - Université Paris Sciences et Lettres - EHESS - École des hautes études en sciences sociales - ENPC - École nationale des ponts et chaussées - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement, PSE - Paris-Jourdan Sciences Economiques - ENS-PSL - École normale supérieure - Paris - PSL - Université Paris Sciences et Lettres - INRA - Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique - EHESS - École des hautes études en sciences sociales - ENPC - École nationale des ponts et chaussées - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, INSEE - Institut national de la statistique et des études économiques (INSEE)

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Abstract: Do tariffs inhibit trade flows by limiting the entry of exporters (‘firm extensive margin') or by restricting the average volume exported by each firm (‘firm intensive margin')? Using a gravity equation approach, we analyze how the decrease in tariffs promoted during the 90s by the Uruguay Round multilateral trade agreement affected the trade margins of French firms for 57 sectors and 147 countries from 1993 to 2002. Our main contribution is to estimate the elasticity of trade on both margins, controlling for the unobserved heterogeneity of trade flows thanks to a three-dimensional panel and to time-varying tariffs as a measure of variable trade costs. Our results show that the number of firms exporting in a given sector to a given destination is related to the level of tariffs. But they also show that the decrease in tariffs induced by the implementation of the Uruguay Round did not lead more firms to export and that it only induced incumbent exporters to increase their shipments. We control for two problems that may affect our basic specification: tariff changes may be endogenous and zero flows are not included. Our results are confirmed — even when the extensive margin is significant, its magnitude is very small.

Keywords: Tariffs; Trade margins; Uruguay Round (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2012-03
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Citations: View citations in EconPapers (63)

Published in Journal of International Economics, 2012, 86 (2), pp.269-283. ⟨10.1016/j.jinteco.2011.11.003⟩

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Related works:
Journal Article: The effect of the Uruguay round on the intensive and extensive margins of trade (2012)
Working Paper: The effect of the Uruguay round on the intensive and extensive margins of trade (2012)
Working Paper: The effect of the Uruguay Round on the intensive and extensive margins of trade (2010)
Working Paper: The Effect of the Uruguay round on the Intensive and Extensive Margins of Trade (2009)
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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:hal:journl:halshs-01510995

DOI: 10.1016/j.jinteco.2011.11.003

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