The Global South Debt Revolution That Wasn’t

Quentin Deforge () and Benjamin Lemoine ()
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Quentin Deforge: CAK-CRHST - Centre Alexandre Koyré - Centre de Recherche en Histoire des Sciences et des Techniques - MNHN - Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle - EHESS - École des hautes études en sciences sociales - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
Benjamin Lemoine: IRISSO - Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire en Sciences Sociales - Université Paris Dauphine-PSL - PSL - Université Paris Sciences et Lettres - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement

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Abstract: In this article, we analyse how international crises and conflicts over sovereign debt have transformed the agenda of the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD), the Geneva-based organization founded in 1964 and whose history is closely linked to the G77 group of developing countries. We show how UNCTAD's projects for structural reform of the international financial architecture were contested and ultimately rejected in the 1970s. Such defeats were a blow to the transformative goals that UNCTAD had initially set to achieve. In the 1980s, UNCTAD gradually became a technical agency and its mandate restricted to providing expert assistance and support to developing countries during their negotiations with the Paris Club. Meanwhile, the mandate to produce expertise at the macro level (the so-called ‘upstream' area), was effectively transferred to the IMF and World Bank. With the development of the Debt Management Financial Analysis System (DMFAS), UNCTAD went from promoting systemic change in international financial architecture to sponsoring the micro-management of domestic policies as remedy to over-indebtedness. But we also show that UNCTAD did not always restrict itself to doing such ‘downstream' work, i.e., improving debt issuing capacities and technologies of developing countries. While UNCTAD's recent project on fair principles of lending and borrowing principles conforms to what's expected from the group of advanced countries, another project involving the creation of an international mechanism of sovereign debt restructuring functioned as a disturbance to this fragile downstream–upstream division of labour between international organizations.

Date: 2021
New Economics Papers: this item is included in nep-his and nep-opm
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Published in Pierre Penet; Juan Flores Zendejas. Sovereign Debt Diplomacies: Rethinking sovereign debt from colonial empires to hegemony, Oxford University Press, pp.232-256, 2021, 9780198866350. ⟨10.1093/oso/9780198866350.003.0011⟩

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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:hal:journl:halshs-03822283

DOI: 10.1093/oso/9780198866350.003.0011

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