An Evolutionist Approach to Competitiveness for the Upstream Sector of the Oil industry in a Long Term Perspective

Jean-Philippe Cueille and Edmilson Moutinho dos Santos
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Jean-Philippe Cueille: IFPEN - IFP Energies nouvelles
Edmilson Moutinho dos Santos: USP - Universidade de São Paulo = University of São Paulo

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Abstract: The purpose of this work is to analyze the concepts of competition and competitiveness in the upstream sector of the international oil industry, and to attempt to identify the possibilities for the future development of this sector as well as the cornpetitive interactions that may exist between the major oil actors, i.e. the international oil companies. For this purpose, we develop a model of "oil competition" and a definjtion of "oil competitiveness11 that take clearly into consideration both the differences between the various oil actors and the dynarnic aspects linked to the evolution of the oil industry. We do so by constructing an evolutionist model of oil competition and competitiveness. This approach emulates a "biological process" in which firms and the economic environment interact with each other in a process similar to "natural selection", with the survival of the fittest. We then introduce the notion of the "dominant form of competition". In addition, this evolutionist model uses some analytical instruments established by Michael Porter, from the University of Harvard, which allow us to define the concept of "generic competitive strategy of enterprises". We can thus interpret the dissimilarities of behavior of various oil actors as weU as the temporal changes in their strategies, in an attempt to explain the evolution of their respective role in an oil world that is perpetually changing.

Date: 1998-05
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