Bioprospecting, REDD and PES: innovative market-­-based instruments in an economy of promises

Jean Foyer (), Aurore Viard-Crétat and Valérie Boisvert ()
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Jean Foyer: CREDA - CREDA - Centre de Recherche Et de Documentation sur les Amériques - UMR 7227 - Université Sorbonne Nouvelle - Paris 3 - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
Aurore Viard-Crétat: CAK-CRHST - Centre Alexandre Koyré - Centre de Recherche en Histoire des Sciences et des Techniques - MNHN - Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle - EHESS - École des hautes études en sciences sociales - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
Valérie Boisvert: Institut de géographie et durabilité - UNIL - Université de Lausanne = University of Lausanne

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Abstract: Thispaperstarts from thepremise thatat theRio+20Summit,historyhas repeateditselfand that the same expectations raised by bioprospecting 20 years ago are now attached to the market-based instruments associated with conservation policies (Payments for environmental services, REDD mechanisms, biodiversity offsets,...). The promise that market mechanisms are best suited to reach biodiversity conservation goals has been renewed. Building on Polanyian definition of fictitious commodities and on the idea of the ‘economy of promises' (developed by P.B. Joly in relation to biotechnologies and nanotechnologies), we argue that beyond their ideological foundations, market mechanisms require complex institutional arrangements that are often irrelevant and ineffective in reaching theirenvironmental objectives.Thesevariousmarket-based ormarket-like arrangements rely onthereassertedpromiseofasynergybetweenmarketandconservationratherthanonactualmarket mechanisms. They are supposedly meant as conservation tools. However, they rather foster the developmentofamarketforconsultingandeconomicexpertiseinconservationissues,thegrowthand perpetuation of which depend on the renewal of this promise, in the form of changing institutional arrangementsandmechanisms.

Date: 2018-11-01
New Economics Papers: this item is included in nep-agr, nep-env and nep-hme
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