Why is it so hard to reach the EU’s ‘poverty’ target?

Zsolt Darvas

No 1714, CERS-IE WORKING PAPERS from Institute of Economics, Centre for Economic and Regional Studies

Abstract: The European Union’s Lisbon strategy goal of tackling poverty was a notable failure, while the Europe 2020 strategy’s poverty target is out of reach. Both strategies were based on variants of the ‘at risk of poverty’ indicator, which has an inappropriate and misleading name. We demonstrate theoretically and empirically by cross-section, time series and panel cointegration evidence, that the ‘at risk of poverty’ indicator essentially measures income inequality, not poverty. Our calculations show that even after taking into account the positive impact that expected economic growth should have on material deprivation and low work intensity, the Gini coefficient of income inequality would have to fall by 3.5 points in each EU country if the Europe 2020 poverty target is to be reached, which is implausible. Huge differences between national poverty thresholds make the EU-wide poverty aggregate pointless. We approximate the EU-wide distribution of income and use it calculate EU-wide poverty indicators. The political agreement between EU member states expressed the goal of reducing poverty, not inequality. There are good reasons to aim for lower income inequality, but a political agreement would be needed to set an inequality goal and corresponding policies.

Keywords: Europe 2020; EU-wide distribution of income; income inequality; poverty measurement (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: D31 E37 I32 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Pages: 39 pages
Date: 2017-06
New Economics Papers: this item is included in nep-eec and nep-eur
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (6)

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Related works:
Journal Article: Why is it So Hard to Reach the EU’s Poverty Target? (2019)
Working Paper: Why is it so hard to reach the EU’s ‘poverty’ target? (2017)
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