Under the Landlord's Thumb. Municipalities and Local Elites in Sweden 1862-1900

Carolina Uppenberg (carolina.uppenberg@ekh.lu.se) and Mats Olsson (mats.olsson@ekh.lu.se)
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Carolina Uppenberg: Department of Economic History, Lund University, Postal: Department of Economic History, Lund University, Box 7083, S-220 07 Lund, Sweden

No 218, Lund Papers in Economic History from Lund University, Department of Economic History

Abstract: The Swedish Municipality Act, issued in 1862, consolidated a plutocratic system in which ownership and income, and the resulting level of taxation, translated into political power. However, as a measure to hinder large landowners from holding a majority of the votes, the Act guaranteed voting rights for tenants. The aim of the article is to analyse how power relations played out after this challenge to landlords’ hegemony. Through an analysis of tenants’ contracts, appeals to the King in Council and minutes from municipal board meetings, we show how landlords did not trust a political culture of deference to secure power, even if they had demanded subservience in contracts. In a deliberate and specific way, they also reserved voting rights for themselves, which we find to have been a widespread pattern although it was repeatedly pointed out as illegal by the King in Council.However, through the analysis of the board meetings, it becomes clear that the position of manorial landlords in these municipalities was so obvious that they rarely had to confront their tenants with their illegal contractual restrictions. The results empirically challenge a narrative of slow but steady democratization and theoretically challenge the alleged reciprocity of landlord-tenant relations.

Keywords: landlord; tenant farmer; municipality; Swedish Municipality Act; 1862; deference; local politics; voting rights; political culture (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: N43 N53 N93 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Pages: 22 pages
Date: 2021-02-08
New Economics Papers: this item is included in nep-cdm, nep-his and nep-pol
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