Trading Social Status for Genetics in Marriage Markets: Evidence from UK Biobank

Abdel Abdellaoui, Oana Borcan (), Pierre-André Chiappori and David Hugh-Jones
Additional contact information
Oana Borcan: University of East Anglia
Pierre-André Chiappori: Columbia University

No 2022-018, Working Papers from Human Capital and Economic Opportunity Working Group

Abstract: If socio-economic status (SES) and genetic variants are both assets in marriage markets, then the two will become associated in spouse pairs, and will be passed on together to future generations. This process provides a new explanation for the surprising persistence of inequality across generations, and for the genes-SES gradient: the genetic differences we observe between high- and low-income people. The gradient includes differences related to human capital and to physical and mental health, so understanding its origins is important for understanding inequality in general, and health inequalities in particular. We model social-genetic assortative mating (SGAM) and test for its existence in a large genetically-informed survey. We compare spouses of individuals with different birth order, which is known to affect socio-economic status and which is exogenous to own genetic endowments among siblings. Spouses of earlier-born individuals have genetic variants that predict higher educational attainment. We provide evidence that this effect is mediated by individuals' own educational attainment and income. Thus, environmental shocks to socio-economic status are reflected in the DNA of subsequent generations. Our work uncovers a new channel by which economic institutions can affect long-run inequality; suggests that genes-SES gradients may be historically widespread; and shows that genetic variation is endogenous to social institutions.

Keywords: intergenerational mobility; gene-SES gradient; birth order (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I14 J12 J13 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2022-06
New Economics Papers: this item is included in nep-dem and nep-ltv
Note: FI
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Citations: View citations in EconPapers (3)

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http://humcap.uchicago.edu/RePEc/hka/wpaper/Abdell ... -status-genetics.pdf First version, June 14, 2022 (application/pdf)

Related works:
Working Paper: Trading Social Status for Genetics in Marriage Markets: Evidence from UK Biobank (2022)
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