A Competitividade do Brasil e da China no Mercado Norte-Americano: 2000-2008

Marina Filgueiras and Honorio Kume

No 1501, Discussion Papers from Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada - IPEA

Abstract: Neste trabalho, foram estimados os índices de similaridade, qualidade e variedade das exportações do Brasil e da China para o mercado norte-americano no período 2000-2008. Obtiveram-se três principais resultados. Primeiro, a similaridade das pautas de exportações brasileira e chinesa aumentou no período 2000-2005, ocorrendo a partir de então uma redução. Segundo, a qualidade das exportações brasileiras é superior à das chinesas.A qualidade relativa, após manter-se aproximadamente estável, aumentou substancialmente em 2006 e 2007. A melhora na qualidade ocorreu em alimentos, bebidas e fumo, plásticos e borracha, madeira e mobiliário, celulose e papel, têxtil e vestuário, e metais. Por fim, constatou-se que o Brasil exportou menor variedade de produtos do que a China em todo o período. This study analyses how the set of products Brazil exported to the United States was similar with that of China between 2000 and 2008 and also compares the quality and variety of their exports. Using product-level import data from United States, this study estimates the export similarity, quality and variety indexes and produces three main results.First, the similarity between Brazil`s and China`s export has increased until 2005 and after that has fallen. Second, the quality of Brazil`s exports is, on average, higher than China`s exports. The quality index has remained constant in the beginning and then increased substantially over years 2006 and 2007. The increase in the quality index was significant in some sectors, as food and beverage, rubber and plastic, wood products and furniture, pulp and paper, textile and apparel, and metals. Third, the variety of China`s exports exceeded Brazil`s exports all over the period.

Pages: 25 pages
Date: 2010-07
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Citations: View citations in EconPapers (1)

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