Friedrich List and Oliveira Marreca: Some Odd Coincidences

Carlos Bastien

No 1997/06, Working Papers GHES - Office of Economic and Social History from ISEG - Lisbon School of Economics and Management, GHES - Social and Economic History Research Unit, Universidade de Lisboa

Abstract: In the middle of the 19th century Portuguese economic backwardness was apparent to the most attentive intellectuals who tried to analyse its causes. António Oliveira Marreca (1805-1889), an economist and politician, was one of them. At first he supported free trade, but as time went by he became closer to the nationalist, protectionist doctrines. His arguments reveal an impressive similarity to the economic views of Friedrich List (1789-1846), though Marreca had never showed to be aware of List's writings. However Marreca’s analysis of the effects of Portuguese economic dependence from England - an important cause of Portuguese backwardness in his opinion - and the very concepts he applies - namely the concept of nation - are extremely close to the ideas developed by the German economist. As far as economic policy is concerned, Marreca’s prescriptions were also definitly similar to the policies advocated by List. Both emphasized the need of a temporary industrial protectionism, no protection for the agricultural sector and the development of a transport network to support the implementation of a national economy.

Date: 1997
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