Drought Impact on Crop Production and the Soil Environment: 2012 Experiences from Iowa

Mahdi Al-Kaisi, Roger Elmore, Jose Guzman, Mark Hanna, Chad Hart, Matthew J. Helmers, Erin Hodgson, Andrew Lenssen, Antonio Mallarino, Alison Robertson and John Sawyer

Staff General Research Papers Archive from Iowa State University, Department of Economics

Abstract: Enormous challenges were presented by the 2012 drought. Poor water availability and high temperatures resulted in significant stress during critical phases of corn (Zea mays L.) and soybean (Glycine max L.) development. These stress factors lead to management challenges with insects, diseases, and reduced nutrient availability and uptake by plants. The drought triggered soil changes, particularly in conventional tillage systems, such as increased fracturing, crusting, and deterioration of soil structure and aggregation. All this reinforced the need for soil conservation planning, especially its necessary role in buffering against unpredictable conditions and the impacts of dry and wet events on production and soil quality. In 2011, the USDA's National Drought Mitigation Center reported that 43% of Iowa experienced moderate-drought conditions and nearly 10% experienced severe-drought conditions. In 2012, 100% of Iowa experienced severe-drought conditions, while 65% experienced extreme-drought conditions by October. This article addresses several effects of drought on soil and crop production and lessons learned that will help develop appropriate drought mitigation strategies for future soil and crop management practices.

Keywords: drought; crop production; soil (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q54 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2013-01-15
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Citations: View citations in EconPapers (8)

Published in Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, January 2013, vol. 68 no. 1, pp. 19-24

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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:isu:genres:35963

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