The Effects of Pollution and Energy Taxes across the European Income Distribution

Elizabeth Symons, Stefan Speck and John Proops
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Stefan Speck: Regional Environmental Center for Central and Eastern Europe, Budapest, Hungary
John Proops: School of Politics, International Relations and the Environment, Keele University, UK, Postal: Keele, Staffordshire ST5 5BG, United Kingdom.

No 2000/05, Keele Department of Economics Discussion Papers (1995-2001) from Department of Economics, Keele University

Abstract: This paper examines the likely immediate impact effect of some pollution taxes on the tax burden of households in a number of European countries. The total effect on households of such taxes is assessed using input-output analysis. Thus both the direct effect of taxes, through increased fuel prices, and the indirect effect, through increased prices of other goods, can be assessed simultaneously. This input-output approach allows the generation of direct plus indirect pollution intensities for all household consumption categories, for, in principle, a number of pollutants (CO2, SO2, NOx, particulates). These intensities could then be used to assess the impact on households of pollution taxes. This paper concentrates on CO2 and energy, performing a static analysis of the effect of a tax on the carbon or energy content of goods using the known consumption patterns for the various countries, both in aggregate and for different income groups. This allows a first assessment of the regressive/progressive effects of such taxes and an indication of consumer welfare loss.

Pages: 14 pages
Date: 2000
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Published in European Environment, July/August 2002, Vol. 12, issue 4, pages 203-12. [ doi:10.1002/eet.293 ]

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