Reaction to Price Changes and Aspiration Level Adjustments

Itzhak Gilboa and David Schmeidler

No 1110, Discussion Papers from Northwestern University, Center for Mathematical Studies in Economics and Management Science

Abstract: We claim that preferences of economic agents cannot be assumed given; rather, they are partly determined by the process of trade in the market, by information about the latter and so forth. In other words, preferences determine actions which, in turn, determine preferences. Thus classical tools of analysis such as the neo-classical utility function and the demand curve should be viewed merely as first approximations, which are too simplistic for many purposes. Changing preferences are not restricted to such phenomena as addiction, advertisement and so forth. Rather, for any product a satisficing consumer has an aspiration level, which is subject to change. The consumer's preferences, as reflected in choice behavior, will also change once the aspiration level is adjusted. We illustrate these claims by analyzing two example concerning consumer reaction to price increases. We analyze the effect of aspiration level adjustments on the dynamic pattern of a single consumer's demand, and show that such adjustments generate predictions which do not conform to the neo-classical theory.

Date: 1994-06
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Related works:
Working Paper: Reaction to Price Changes and Aspiration Level Adjustments (2001)
Working Paper: Reaction to Price Changes and Aspiration Level Adjustments (1994)
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