National security considerations in competition enforcement

Oecd

No 336, OECD Roundtables on Competition Policy Papers from OECD Publishing

Abstract: National security considerations are becoming increasingly prominent in economic policymaking, reflecting geopolitical developments, technological change and growing attention to economic security, resilience and technological capability. As these considerations extend beyond traditional defence-related domains, they are intersecting more frequently with competition enforcement across a widening range of sectors, such as energy, telecommunications and advanced technologies. This paper examines the implications for competition authorities. It develops an analytical framework to distinguish between concerns that can be assessed using established competition law tools, where they can be expressed as competition-relevant effects, and those that fall outside the analytical remit of competition authorities and require assessment by governments or specialised bodies. Drawing on cross-jurisdictional experience, the paper analyses how national security considerations arise in the assessment of competitive constraints, merger control, co-ordinated conduct, unilateral conduct and remedy design. It identifies key considerations for preserving analytical boundaries, institutional roles, legal predictability and effective enforcement in an evolving policy environment.

Keywords: competition; competition policy; defence capabilities; enforcement; national security; self-reliance; sovereignty; strategic autonomy; supply chain resilience (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: D4 D47 F1 F5 F52 F6 H5 H56 K21 L1 L4 L5 L78 L98 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2026-06-02
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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:oec:dafaac:336-en

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