 CAPITALIZEM IN DISASTER CASE STUDY OF COVID-19 DISTRIBUTION BUDGETING BUDGET ALLOCATION 2020No bzg2x, OSF Preprints from Center for Open Science Abstract: Nowadays humans haunt humanity. Recently, the Covid-19 or Sars-CoV-2 virus spread to the world with 532,936 victims and 24,094 of them died. Around 35 academic institutions and companies are racing against time to make vaccines to prevent continued casualties. With a vaccine, it will grow antibodies that function to protect human body cells from the attack of the pathogen Covid-19. Although normally takes up to a decade to conduct vaccine trials until finally global immunization can be carried out, in the midst of the danger of this virus, vaccine development while also developing drugs for people with Covid-19 continues to accelerate. History has shown us that Covid-19 was not the first outbreak that preyed on many victims. Over the past century, outbreaks of new types of diseases or new forms of mutations have emerged. In 1918, the Spanish influenza believed to be a pathogen in poultry [3], infected one fifth of the world's human population and killed around 50 million people. In 1976, an Ebola outbreak originating from a pathogen in a West African fruit bat infected 33,577 victims and 13,562 people died; in the early 21st century precisely in 2002, the SARS epidemic spread, infecting 8096 people and killing 774 people; Not long after the H1N1 outbreak came from a pathogen in pigs in 2009, this virus infected 1,632,258 victims and 284,500 people died; three years later the MERS outbreak came from a pathogen in a bat, affecting 2,494 people and killed 858 people. The various viruses mentioned above turn into diseases not suddenly appear without a cause, but are the result of the relationship between humans and non-humans (the universe other than humans, because humans are part of nature, as are viruses, animals and plants). Various studies, one of which was carried out by Rob Wallace [4], stated that pathogens which are the seeds of viruses or bacteria whose lives require a medium or parasitic in animals (used as a host), are now increasingly pressed in their natural habitat in forests or oceans that are thousands or even millions of years old. Because the forests are getting thinner because it is used as a plantation or mining area, while the place is increasingly paraded extinct, then the pathogen continues to mutate. Animals where parasitic pathogens are also often hunted and used as food for humans. Having previously been defeated by antibodies or immunity in the human body, the pathogen mutation can finally be paralyzed in the human body to make humans sick. This process triggers the Covid-19 outbreak as well as diseases caused by the Ebola virus, SARS, H1N1 and MERS. Other types of diseases that now continue to lurk on humans, are diseases that are produced by the modern agricultural and livestock industry - which previously damaged the pathogen's living space. Both of these industries carry out genetic mutations in plants and animals in order to be more productive and make quicker profits. Chemicals are even being used to further fertilize plants or fatten cattle, so the impact on humans is clear, that their health is at stake. The use of DDT (dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane) or pesticides in the agricultural industry, for example, has caused new types of diseases for humans and ecological damage. Likewise with the logic of efficiency and effectiveness to maximize profits in the livestock industry, making animals forced to grow and grow outside their habitats and without their natural food. Date: 2020-04-19 Downloads: (external link) Related works: Export reference: BibTeX RIS (EndNote, ProCite, RefMan) HTML/Text Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:osf:osfxxx:bzg2x Access Statistics for this paper More papers in OSF Preprints from Center for Open Science |
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