Identifying determinants of ecological footprints: A novel application of latent growth curve models (LGM)

Andrés Beltrán-Hernández and Marcelo Lufin
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Andrés Beltrán-Hernández: Universidad Católica del Norte

No swrv5_v1, SocArXiv from Center for Open Science

Abstract: This study investigates the determinants of ecological footprint growth trajectories in 112 countries (2004–2017) using latent growth curve models (LGM). Unlike traditional panel methods, LGM captures dynamic trends and country-level heterogeneity in environmental impact over time. The approach integrates economic, institutional, and socio-geographic determinants into a unified causal framework. Results indicate that economic complexity mediates the relationship between economic growth and ecological footprint, promoting technological innovation and sustainable practices. Higher economic complexity also partially offsets environmental impacts from increased fossil fuel consumption. These findings underscore the need for policies fostering innovation, economic diversification, and sustainable urban planning to mitigate environmental degradation.

Date: 2026-09-25
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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:osf:socarx:swrv5_v1

DOI: 10.31235/osf.io/swrv5_v1

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