Work from home trends in European countries

José Alberto Molina and Jorge Velilla

MPRA Paper from University Library of Munich, Germany

Abstract: This paper analyzes the evolution of working from home across European countries using data from the European Working Conditions Survey (2005–2021). The study documents a substantial increase in working from home, particularly during the COVID-19 pandemic, with notable cross-country and gender differences. It also examines how working from home correlates with individual characteristics such as gender, age, education, employment status, occupation, and household composition. We find that self-employment, digital work intensity, and higher education are consistently associated with greater working from home prevalence. Conversely, public sector employment and full-time contracts are negatively related to working from home.

Keywords: work from home; remote work; telework; EWCS data (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: D0 J01 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025-05-27
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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:pra:mprapa:124865

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