Dutch Disease and Oil: A Case Study of Nigeria and Ghana

Mahamane Moutari Abdou Baoua

MPRA Paper from University Library of Munich, Germany

Abstract: The purpose of this paper is to analyze the effects caused by the relationship between natural resource (especially the crude oil) exploitation and decline of the agriculture or manufacturing industry in Nigeria and Ghana. The phenomenon that links exploitation of natural resources and decline of domestic manufacturing is called “Dutch disease”. In order to understand the degree of influence of this Dutch disease, we analyzed the behavior of exports of goods, oil exportations, the exchange rates, and agricultural and manufacturing sectors of both countries using graphs. We found curse of natural resources case in Nigeria which is due to the oil dependence in its economy. The effect of Dutch disease in Ghana was huge in 2011 but this effect decreased in 2013 due to the decline of oil exportation or oil dependence in the economy. Increases in oil revenue led to an appreciation of Ghanaian Cedi (GH₵). Policies must be made in both Nigeria and Ghana to successfully support the exploitation of their oil while simultaneously boosting other sectors of their economies as well.

Keywords: Dutch disease; oil boom; Nigeria; Ghana; curse of natural resources (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O55 Q10 Q35 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2017-05
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