Agricultural Productivity, Green energy, Governance quality and Environmental Degradation in BRICS Economies: Evidence from a PMG-ARDL Analysis

Kilani Hadda and Ben AMAR Mohamed

MPRA Paper from University Library of Munich, Germany

Abstract: This study investigates the dynamic relationships between agricultural productivity, green energy adoption, governance quality, and environmental degradation in BRICS economies over the period 2002–2023. Using a Pooled Mean Group Autoregressive Distributed Lag (PMG-ARDL) approach, complemented by FMOLS and CCR robustness estimators, the results show that agricultural productivity significantly increases long-run environmental pollution, reflecting the environmental cost of agricultural intensification. In contrast, green energy adoption and governance quality exert strong and consistent pollution-mitigating effects, underscoring their central role in promoting environmental sustainability. Overall, the findings emphasize that long-run structural factors dominate environmental outcomes in emerging agricultural economies. The study provides policy-relevant insights for advancing low-carbon and sustainable agricultural development in BRICS countries.

Keywords: Environmental; pollution-; Agricultural; productivity-; -; Green; innovation-; PMG; -BRICS (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q18 Q28 Q47 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025-10-14, Revised 2025-12-20
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