Tanneries, Pollution, and Water Quality in the Ganges in Kanpur, India: A Stochastic Analysis

Amitrajeet Batabyal and Hamid Beladi

MPRA Paper from University Library of Munich, Germany

Abstract: Water quality in the Ganges River in Kanpur, India, is the result of two opposite factors. The positive factor arises from the regulations that compel tanneries to treat their wastewater before this water is discharged into the Ganges. The negative factor stems from cheating, bribery, and non-compliance by some tanneries which leads to the dumping of insufficiently treated wastewater into the Ganges. We shed light on two goals by analyzing a stochastic model of Ganges water quality that is the outcome of the above two factors. Our first goal is to study the probabilistic evolution of water quality in the Ganges and to then compute the likelihood that water quality will improve to an exogenously specified level denoted by Q. Our second goal is to ascertain the expected amount of time it will take for water quality to get to this level Q and to then discuss related issues.

Keywords: Ganges river; Stochastic modeling; Tannery; Uncertainty; Water Pollution (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: D80 Q25 Q28 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025-11-09, Revised 2026-02-07
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Forthcoming in Sustainability Analytics and Modeling 100051.6(2026): pp. 1-6

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