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养老金亏空与劳动力市场的联动效应——普遍延迟退休,还是分类延迟退休?

The Interaction between Pension Deficit and Labor Market——Unified Delay Or Differentiated Delay ?

Tieding Zou and Hang Ye ()

MPRA Paper from University Library of Munich, Germany

Abstract: 本文从养老金亏空与劳动力市场的联动效应出发,为延迟退休方案的选择机制构建了一个数理模型,并对分类延迟退休和普遍延迟退休的经济效率和政治可行性进行了模拟分析。研究结果表明,延迟退休时间的长短和延迟退休的类型到底该如何选择,取决于养老金亏空降解效果的好坏、就业挤出效应的大小以及政治可行性的高低。从延迟退休的政策效果来看,轻度延迟退休要好于深度延迟退休,分类延迟退休要好于普遍延迟退休。而参保者的人力资本状况及其个体差异性所来的工资率和工作成就感的差异则是政策效果不一致性的根本原因。拥有较多人力资本和较高劳动生产率的高劳动技能者,由于工资率和工作成就感会随工龄的增长而提高,从而倾向于将退休时间往后延迟得多一点。而拥有较少人力资本和较低劳动生产率的低劳动技能者,由于工资率和工作成就感会随工龄的增长而下降,从而倾向于将退休时间往后延迟得少一点。根据人力资本积累规律和劳动力供求情况分类延迟参保者的退休时间,会取得更好的养老金亏空降解效果,对新增劳动力的就业冲击也会更少。然而,要想切实提高延迟退休的政策效果,还得依赖于人力资本状况的改善。强化对参保者尤其是低劳动技能者的职业培训和学历教育,是化解养老金亏空危机和缓解社会就业压力的必由之路。

Keywords: 养老保险;养老金亏空;延迟退休;劳动力市场 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: H6 J2 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2013-12-20, Revised 2014-01-03
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
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