Interpreting Sustainability in Economic Terms: Dynamic Efficiency Plus Intergenerational Equity

Robert Stavins, Alexander Wagner and Gernot Wagner

RFF Working Paper Series from Resources for the Future

Abstract: Economists have expended considerable effort to develop economically meaningful definitions of the somewhat elusive concept of “sustainability.” We relate such a definition of sustainability to well known concepts from neoclassical economics, in particular, potential Pareto improvements (in the Kaldor-Hicks sense) and inter-personal compensation. In the inter-temporal realm, we find that dynamic efficiency is a necessary but not sufficient condition for a notion of sustainability that has normative standing as a goal for public policy. We define sustainability as dynamic efficiency plus intergenerational equity. Further, we argue that it is not unreasonable for economists to focus on the efficiency element, leaving equity considerations to the political process. The analogy to the relationship between potential Pareto improvements and (intragenerational) transfers can facilitate discussions about sustainability, both within the economics community and as part of an interdisciplinary discourse, and makes the basic concepts easier to operationalize.

Date: 2002-08-01
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Related works:
Journal Article: Interpreting sustainability in economic terms: dynamic efficiency plus intergenerational equity (2003)
Working Paper: Interpreting Sustainability in Economic Terms: Dynamic Efficiency Plus Intergenerational Equity (2002)
Working Paper: Interpreting Sustainability in Economic Terms: Dynamic Efficiency Plus Intergenerational Equity (2002)
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