중국의 해외 생산·공급 거점 다변화와 한·중 경쟁력 분석(Analysis of China’s Diversification of Overseas Production and Supply Bases and Korea-China Competitiveness)

Jihyun Jung, Jaewan Cheong, Cheolwon Lee, Suyeob Na, Jino Kim, Hyuk-Hwang Kim, Hyojin Lee and Jae Hee Choi
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Jihyun Jung: Korea Institute for International Economic Policy (KIEP)
Jaewan Cheong: Korea Institute for International Economic Policy (KIEP)
Cheolwon Lee: Korea Institute for International Economic Policy (KIEP)
Suyeob Na: Korea Institute for International Economic Policy (KIEP)
Jino Kim: Korea Institute for International Economic Policy (KIEP)
Hyuk-Hwang Kim: Korea Institute for International Economic Policy (KIEP)
Hyojin Lee: Korea Institute for International Economic Policy (KIEP)
Jae Hee Choi: Korea Institute for International Economic Policy (KIEP)

No 25-19, Policy Analyses from Korea Institute for International Economic Policy

Abstract: 미ㆍ중 전략경쟁의 심화와 디리스킹, 보호무역 및 산업정책의 확산은 글로벌 가치사슬(GVC)과 공급망의 구조적 재편을 촉진하고 있다. 특히 핵심광물ㆍ에너지, 첨단부품ㆍ장비, 디지털ㆍ그린 전환과 연계된 전략산업 분야에서 각국은 공급망 취약성 완화와 경제안보 강화를 동시에 추구하고 있다. 이러한 환경에서 중국은 해외직접투자(OFDI), 대외도급공사, 무역(수출입) 및 제3국 경유(가치사슬 연결) 경로를 결합하여 해외 네트워크를 재구성하고 있으며, 이는 한국의 해외진출ㆍ공급망 전략 및 대중국 전략에도 구조적 제약과 기회를 동시에 제공한다. 본 연구는 중국의 해외 생산ㆍ공급거점 다변화 양상을 투자ㆍ무역ㆍ인프라(네트워크) 관점에서 통합적으로 분석하고, 이를 통해 도출한 중요 거점지역에서의 한ㆍ중 경쟁력을 비교ㆍ검토함으로써 한국의 경쟁력 제고 및 대중국 전략 방향을 제시하는 데 목적이 있다. Amid intensifying U.S.–China strategic competition, the global spread of de-risking, protectionist industrial policies, and economic security regulations is accelerating a structural reconfiguration of global value chains and supply networks. In strategic sectors linked to critical minerals, energy, advanced components and equipment, and digital and green transitions, major economies are increasingly prioritizing supply chain resilience and economic security alongside cost efficiency. Against this backdrop, China has been restructuring its overseas economic presence by combining multiple channels—including outward foreign direct investment (OFDI), overseas contracted projects, trade, and value-chain linkages via third countries—to build an integrated network of overseas production bases, supply bases, and infrastructure and logistics hubs. These developments create both constraints and opportunities for Korea's outward investment strategies, supply-chain resilience, and broader economic engagement with China.

Keywords: China; Supply chain; Overseas Production; Supply Bases; Korea-China Competitiveness (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Pages: 464
Date: 2025-12-30
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