미국의 공급망 재편 정책에 대한 기업의 대응 및 시사점(Analysis of Firms’ Reactions to the US Government’s Supply Chain Reorganization Policies)

Dong-Hee Joe, Seongman Moon () and Yeo Joon Yoon ()
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Seongman Moon: JEONBUK NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, Postal: 567 Baekje-daero Deokjin-gu Jeonju-si Jeollabuk-do Republic of Korea(Geumam-dong Chonbuk National University),, https://www.jbnu.ac.kr/eng/
Yeo Joon Yoon: Pusan National University, Postal: 2 Busandaehak-ro 63beon-gil Geumjeong-gu Busan 46241 Rep. of KOREA,, https://www.pusan.ac.kr/eng/CMS/Contents/Contents.do?mCode=MN072

No 23-3, Policy Analyses from Korea Institute for International Economic Policy

Abstract: 코로나19 팬데믹으로 기존 공급망의 취약성이 드러난 상황에서 출범한 미국 바이든 행정부는 반도체, 전기차 배터리 등 전략적으로 중요한 산업에서 공급망을 자국 중심으로 재편하고 해외, 특히 중국에 대한 의존도를 낮추려 하고 있다. 이러한 미국정부의 정책에 대한 논의는 풍부하지만, 공급망의 결정 주체인 기업의 대응에 대한 실증적 증거는 부족하다. 본 연구는 가용한 양적자료를 활용하여, 바이든 행정부의 반도체 및 전기차 배터리 공급망 재편 정책에 대한 해당 분야 주요 기업들의 반응에 관한 실증적 근거를 수립하였다. 이를 통하여 본 연구는 한국의 주요 수출산업이자, 한국이 포함된 공급망에서 미국과 중국이 중요한 위치를 차지하는 반도체와 전기차 배터리 산업에서 한국 정부와 기업을 위한 참고자료를 제공한다. The Biden administration in the US was inaugurated in 2021 amid the disruptions in supply chains caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. To address the supply-chain disruptions in a structural manner, the administration embarked on a series of policies aimed to strengthen the country’s supply chains in strategically important industries including semiconductors and batteries for electric vehicles (EVs hereinafter). In particular, the administration aims to reduce its reliance on foreign countries, especially China, and increase self-sufficiency. While discussions on the US government’s policies are abundant in the media and among policymakers, empirical evidence on how firms, who actually designs supply chains, are responding is lacking. Furthermore, existing supply chains are the results of optimization when they were designed, and there is significant uncertainty regarding the future of the US government’s policies on supply chains. It thus remains uncertain whether firms will align with the Biden administration’s intentions. This report aims to establish some empirical evidence on the responses of major firms in the semiconductor and EV battery industries to the Biden administration’s supply-chain policies, based on quantitative data. The semiconductor and EV battery industries are major export industries in Korea, and both the US and China hold crucial positions in the supply chains that involve Korea. The decision-making of major foreign firms is an important factor of consideration in Korean government’s economic security policies and Korean firms’ decisions on their own supply chains. This report aims to provide some reference for them.(the rest omitted)

Keywords: Economic security; international trade; United States; supply chain reorganization (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Pages: 185 pages
Date: 2023-12-26
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