Retention of science, technology, engineering, mathematics and computer science graduates in Canada

Youjin Choi and Feng Hou

Economic and Social Reports from Statistics Canada, Analytical Studies and Modelling Branch

Abstract: The North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA), which came into effect in 1994, was designed to facilitate the mobility of skilled labour across Canada, Mexico and the United States. Under the NAFTA and the Canada–United States–Mexico Agreement that replaced the NAFTA, Canadian citizens who have a pre-arranged job in selected professions with a U.S. employer can work temporarily in the United States for up to three years through simplified procedures. During the 1990s, Canada experienced a net loss of skilled workers to the United States, and the “brain drain” to the United States was driven mainly by medical professions (e.g., physicians and nurses) (Zhao, Drew and Murray, 2000). In today’s world, where research and development in the science, technology, engineering, mathematics and computer science (STEM) sector drive economic prosperity, the brain drain of STEM workers has become a growing concern.

Keywords: science; technology; engineering; mathematics; computer; graduates (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: J23 M21 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025-07-23
References: Add references at CitEc
Citations:

Downloads: (external link)
https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/n1/pub/36-28-0001/2025007/article/00004-eng.htm (text/html)
https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/n1/pub/36-28-0001/2025007/article/00004-eng.pdf (application/pdf)

Related works:
This item may be available elsewhere in EconPapers: Search for items with the same title.

Export reference: BibTeX RIS (EndNote, ProCite, RefMan) HTML/Text

Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:stc:stcp8e:202500700004e

DOI: 10.25318/36280001202500700004-eng

Access Statistics for this paper

More papers in Economic and Social Reports from Statistics Canada, Analytical Studies and Modelling Branch Contact information at EDIRC.
Bibliographic data for series maintained by Mark Brown ().