Securitización de Hipotecas y Desarrollo Económico: Un Ensayo Sobre la Caja Hipotecaria de Chile

Philip L. Brock

No UWEC-2009-11, Working Papers from University of Washington, Department of Economics

Abstract: Este ensayo recorre los primeros cincuenta años de la Caja de Crédito Hipotecario de Chile desde su creación en 1855. Durante la segunda mitad del siglo XIX, las operaciones crediticias de la Caja activaron la rápida expansión del regadío del Valle Central y posibilitó el concomitante aumento de las exportaciones agrícolas. A pesar del fuerte aumento del crédito en este período, la Caja Hipotecaria debió hacer frente a grandes perturbaciones externas, tales como tres episodios de reversión repentina de los flujos de capital extranjero en 1857, 1873 y 1890. El artículo muestra cómo, luego de una tímida partida, la Caja Hipotecaria fue capaz de entregar al mercado suficiente liquidez como para contrarrestar las disminuciones del crédito durante los años de penuria financiera. This essay examines the first 50 years of the National Mortgage Bank of Chile (Caja de Crédito Hipotecario) following its creation in 1855. During the second half of the nineteenth century the Mortgage Bank's credit operations spurred the rapid expansion of irrigation in Chile's Central Valley and made possible a concomitant increase in agricultural exports. Despite the strong secular rise in credit during this period, the Mortgage Bank had to confront large external shocks, including three sudden stops of foreign capital in 1857, 1873, and 1890. This essay shows that after a shaky start the Mortgage Bank was able to provide liquidity to borrowers that offset declines in banking credit during years of financial distress.

Date: 2009-04
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