WIDER Working Paper Series

From World Institute for Development Economic Research (UNU-WIDER)
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wp-2025-49: Son preference and multidimensional well-being

Mehwish Ghulam Ali, Ashton De Silva, Sarah Sinclair and Ankita Mishra

wp-2025-48: Understanding and characterizing the services sector in South Africa: an update

François Steenkamp, Yanele Nyamela, Megan Bryer and Siyanda Jonas

wp-2025-47: Politicians doing business: Evidence from Mozambique

Sam Jones, Felix Schilling and Finn Tarp

wp-2025-46: Kuznets at 70: the enduring significance of a curve and a hypothesis

James K. Galbraith, Ravi Kanbur, Kunal Sen and Andy Sumner

wp-2025-45: Informality and violence: Evidence from South Africa

Leonard Le Roux

wp-2025-44: Can social protection programmes promote livelihoods and climate resilience in conflict-affected settings?: Evidence from Ethiopia's Productive Safety Net Programme

Jeremy Lind, Carolina Holland-Szyp, Rachel Sabates-Wheeler, Yihunbelay Teshome and Lars Otto Naess

wp-2025-43: Building net-zero African cities: Decarbonization and structural transformation

Bazoumana Ouattara

wp-2025-42: Twenty-five years of inflation targeting in South Africa: Going from 6% to 3%

Philippe Burger

wp-2025-41: Global headwinds to Kuznets' low-inequality transformation?: Plutocrats, populism, and more

Nancy Birdsall

wp-2025-40: What shapes parents' attitudes towards bilingual education?: Evidence from Mozambique

Sara Alhola, Feliciano Chimbutane and Ritva Reinikka

wp-2025-39: Economic structure and top earnings inequality in South Africa: A firm-level and sectoral perspective

Rafael de la Vega

wp-2025-38: Corporate taxes and export competition

Tobias Böhm, Antonia Hohmann, Roxanne Raabe and Nadine Riedel

wp-2025-37: Rethinking development finance in Tajikistan: Toward more sustainable and inclusive fiscal pathways

Jovid Ikromi

wp-2025-36: Estimating the effects and seasonal dynamics of Malawi's 2015/16 drought and humanitarian transfers on household food insecurity and child malnutrition

Edwin Kenamu and Liesbeth Colen

wp-2025-35: Political life after ethnic war

Sarah Z. Daly

wp-2025-34: Trust in a changing world: Social cohesion and the social contract in uncertain times

Patricia Justino and Melissa Samarin

wp-2025-33: Carbon taxation and firm behaviour in emerging economies: Evidence from South Africa

Johannes Gallé, Rodrigo Oliveira, Daniel Overbeck, Nadine Riedel and Edson Severnini

wp-2025-32: Inequality, income, and democracy in perspective: Insights from novel data analysis

Rute Martins Caeiro, Rachel M. Gisselquist and Klarizze Anne Martin Puzon

wp-2025-31: Inequality and redistributive taxation in the Global South

Andrea Vaccaro

wp-2025-30: Surviving the storm: how climate-related disasters reshape tax morale in sub-Saharan Africa

Enrico Nichelatti and Abrams M.E. Tagem

wp-2025-29: Linkage development as industrial policy: The state and structural transformation in resource-rich countries

Imaduddin Abdullah and Andy Sumner

wp-2025-28: War, occupation, and the rule of law: Evidence from Ukraine's Donbas conflict

Martin Ottmann and Patricia Justino

wp-2025-27: Structural transformation under vertically divided authority in Harare

Mfundo Mlilo and Godfrey Mahofa

wp-2025-26: Towards a measure of local government performance in Ghana: Conceptual framework, data, and results

Daniel Chachu, Michael Danquah and Rachel M. Gisselquist

wp-2025-25: Economic development and inequality of opportunity: Kuznets meets the Great Gatsby?

Francisco Ferreira, Domenico Moramarco and Vito Peragine

wp-2025-24: Absolute versus relative inequality and social preferences: A comparative study between Mozambique and Viet Nam

Ines A. Ferreira, Rachel M. Gisselquist and Finn Tarp

wp-2025-23: Urbanization without structural transformation in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania

Ally Abubakar Samiji and Darlene K. Mutalemwa

wp-2025-22: Fiscal policy and commodity price shocks in South Africa

Tumisang Loate and Vincent Dadam

wp-2025-21: Shifting sweetness: impacts of South Africa's Health Promotion Levy on sugar-sweetened beverages

Tim Cejka, Marlies Piek and Mazhar Waseem

wp-2025-20: Structural change and income inequality: Evidence from Thailand

Peter Warr and Arief Anshory Yusuf

wp-2025-19: From drug trafficking to state capture: The dynamics of criminal governance, political violence, and crime diversification

Roxana Gutiérrez-Romero

wp-2025-18: Environmental Kuznets curve and green regulation

Luca Bettarelli, Davide Furceri, Prakash Loungani, Jonathan Ostry and Loredana Pisano

wp-2025-17: On the redistributive impact of the personal income tax: Evidence from South Africa

Nadine Riedel and Ida Zinke

wp-2025-16: Kuznets at -7000: is there a really long-term relationship between growth and inequality?

Timothy A. Kohler, Adam Green and Scott G. Ortman

wp-2025-15: Inequality, urbanization, and the Kuznets process: Evidence from India's Annual Periodic Labour Force Surveys

S Chandrasekhar, Karthikeya Naraparaju and Ajay Sharma

wp-2025-14: The international financial architecture and sustainable prosperity

Kevin P. Gallagher

wp-2025-13: Kuznets in the twenty-first century: Mexico and United States compared

Saumik Paul and Kunal Sen

wp-2025-12: Social protection for Mozambique's elderly: History, structure, and potential effectiveness

Sara Almeida, Hanna Berkel, Sam Jones, Patricia Justino and Telça Massingue

wp-2025-11: Is inequality always unfair?: Experimental evidence on preferences for redistribution in Mozambique and Viet Nam

Ines A. Ferreira, Rachel M. Gisselquist and Finn Tarp

wp-2025-10: Minimum wages, de facto private standards, and trade diversion in horticulture

Marlies Piek and Dieter von Fintel

wp-2025-9: Social protection in times of conflict: Evidence from Ethiopia

Rute Martins Caeiro, Rachel Sabates-Wheeler and Patricia Justino

wp-2025-8: New models for South African consumption, house prices, and mortgage and non-mortgage debt: Insights for financial stability and monetary transmission

Janine Aron and John Muellbauer

wp-2025-7: How reliable are national accounts estimates of agricultural output?

Sam Jones and Marcelo Mucocana

wp-2025-6: Varieties of insecurity and rebel-civilian ties across time: Evidence from post-war Zimbabwe

Shelley Liu

wp-2025-5: Inequality and agricultural structural change: Evidence from macro and microdata, 1950-present

Matthew Fisher-Post

wp-2025-4: Social protection in humanitarian contexts: exploring stakeholder views from Tanzania

Roosa Lambin, Winnie C. Muangi and Milla Nyyssölä

wp-2025-3: Weathering challenges: Distributional impacts of climatic shocks on household consumption in Mozambique

Patricia Justino, Gabriel Facundes Monteiro, Rodrigo Oliveira and Edson Severnini

wp-2025-2: Distribution in late development: The political economy of the Kuznets curse in Brazil

Marc Morgan and Pedro Souza

wp-2025-1: Rule of law in Mozambique

Margherita Bove and Patricia Justino

wp-2024-92: Graduation from cash transfer programmes: Insights from Tanzania

Winnie C. Muangi

wp-2024-91: Social protection in humanitarian contexts: exploring stakeholder views from Zambia

Liana Chikwekwe, Sydney Sihubwa, Muchimba Sarah Siamachoka, Roosa Lambin, Milla Nyyssölä and Rodrigo Oliveira

wp-2024-90: Can social pensions for the elderly mitigate shocks?: Lessons from Mozambique

Sara Almeida, Hanna Berkel, Sam Jones, Patricia Justino, Telça Massingue and Hilário Muchabel

wp-2024-89: Jobs, investments, and exporting: the real effects of electricity crises in South Africa

Gideon Ndubuisi and Elvis Korku Avenyo

wp-2024-88: Raindrop in the drought? Vulnerability to climate shocks and the role of social protection in Zambia

Katrin Gasior, Pia Rattenhuber, Adnan Shahir and Anna Zasova

wp-2024-87: Dishonesty concessions in teams: Theory and experimental insights from local politicians in India

Arnab K. Basu, Nancy Chau, Anustup Kundu and Kunal Sen

wp-2024-86: The gendered effects of climate shocks on labour and welfare in Zambia

Alessandra Hidalgo-Arestegui, Patricia Justino, Gabriel Facundes Monteiro, Rodrigo Oliveira and Bruce Sianyeuka

wp-2024-85: Carbon pricing and taxation: A review of approaches and development implications

Jodie Keane, Hazel Granger, Prachi Agarwal and Maximiliano Mendez-Parra

wp-2024-84: Is a move up the job ladder an escape from poverty?

Samuel Ampaw, Michael Danquah, Rajesh Raj Natarajan and Kunal Sen

wp-2024-83: Work permits for refugees as social protection during polycrises: Evidence from refugees in Jordan during the COVID-19 pandemic

Wolfgang Stojetz, Piero Ronzani, Sarah Fenzl, Ghassan Baliki and Tilman Brück

wp-2024-82: Economic impacts of electricity supply shortages in South Africa

Hiroaki Suenaga

wp-2024-81: Distributional impacts of global food price shocks in South Africa: Case of Russian-Ukraine conflict

Faaiqa Hartley and Sherwin Gabriel

wp-2024-80: The firm-wage gender gap and formal sector churn over the life cycle

Ihsaan Bassier and Leila Gautham

wp-2024-79: The role of social assistance in African crises: a systematic literature review

Kalle Hirvonen, Patricia Justino and Rodrigo Oliveira

wp-2024-78: Can social assistance reduce violent conflict and civil unrest?: Evidence from a large-scale public works programme in Ethiopia

Kalle Hirvonen, Elia Machado and Andrew Simons

wp-2024-77: From the bottom 40 to inequality lines: Sharing prosperity globally and domestically

Borja Lopez-Noval, Miguel Niño-Zarazúa, Laurence Roope and Finn Tarp

wp-2024-76: Securing food, building livelihoods?: A 15-year appraisal of Ethiopia's Productive Safety Net Programme

John Hoddinott, Guush Berhane, Daniel Gilligan, Kalle Hirvonen, Neha Kumar, Jeremy Lind, Rachel Sabates-Wheeler and Alemayehu Taffesse

wp-2024-75: Gendered effects of climate and conflict shocks on food security in Sudan and the mitigating role of social protection

Ayşegül Kayaoğlu, Ghassan Baliki and Tilman Brück

wp-2024-74: Urbanization without structural transformation in Accra, Ghana

Williams Ohemeng, Abdul Malik Iddrisu, George Domfe and Michael Danquah

wp-2024-73: The long-term effects of crop diseases on education and earnings

Yuri Barreto and Rodrigo Oliveira

wp-2024-72: Donations and tax incentives: Evidence from South Africa

Fadzayi Chingwere, Matthew Clance, Nicky Nicholls, Aimable Nsabimana and Eleni Yitbarek

wp-2024-71: Climate shocks and economic resilience: Evidence from Zambia's formal sector

Kwabena Adu-Ababio, Evaristo Mwale and Rodrigo Oliveira

wp-2024-70: Intended and unintended consequences of anti-avoidance rules: Evidence from Uganda

Muhammad Bashir, Usama Jamal, Kyle McNabb and Mazhar Waseem

wp-2024-69: Urbanization without structural transformation in Lagos, Nigeria

Abiodun O. Folawewo

wp-2024-68: Spillover effects of the recent US monetary policy shocks on the South African economy: The role of monetary and fiscal policy coordination

Guangling Liu and Marrium Mustapher

wp-2024-67: Armed group taxation, municipal fishing, and environmental preservation in the Zamboanga Peninsula, Philippines

Ana Ibáñez, Maria Adelaida Ortega, Gauthier Marchais, Patricia Justino, Teresita Narvaez, Manuel de Vera, Ryan Tangalin, Benjamin Crost and Jorge Maldonado

wp-2024-66: Estimating the value-added tax gap in Tanzania: A study of small, medium, and micro enterprises

Amina Ebrahim, Sebastián Castillo Ramos, Vincent Leyaro, Ezekiel Swema, Oswald Haule, Massaga Fimbo and Ephraim Mdee

wp-2024-65: Redefining tax progressivity in developing countries: The Progressive Vertical Index

Ricardo Guerrero Fernandez

wp-2024-64: What did they say? Respondent identity, question framing, and the measurement of employment

Rosa Abraham, Nishat Anjum, Rahul Lahoti and Hema Swaminathan

wp-2024-63: Spatial consumption inequality in Mozambique

Carlos Gradín

wp-2024-62: Concealed costs: illicit economies and the erosion of the local tax base in Colombia

Patricia Justino, Santiago Tobon, Martin Vanegas-Arias and Juan Vargas

wp-2024-61: Socioeconomic inequality in Viet Nam

Cuong Nguyen and Finn Tarp

wp-2024-60: Conflict, taxation, and development

Anna D'Souza and Zachariah Mampilly

wp-2024-59: The sustainability of South African fiscal policy

Philippe Burger

wp-2024-58: Wait no more: how the administration of VAT refunds impacts firm behaviour

Giacomo Brusco, Marlies Piek and Tejaswi Velayudhan

wp-2024-57: A cultural perspective on the cycle of violent conflicts in the Niger Delta region of Nigeria

Jackson Tamunosaki Jack

wp-2024-56: Tax financing options for new social protection instruments: The equity implications of taxing more to expand the South African social security system

Maya Goldman and Ntuthuko Hlela

wp-2024-55: Income inequality in South Africa: Evidence from individual-level administrative tax data

Chandré Jacobs, Amina Ebrahim, Murray Leibbrandt, Jukka Pirttilä and Marlies Piek

wp-2024-54: Legal identity and access to the state in South Africa

Aimable Nsabimana, Michelle Pleace and Rachel M. Gisselquist

wp-2024-53: The effects of armed conflicts on local economic dynamics in the Mopti and Ségou regions of Mali

Mahamadou Bassirou Tangara

wp-2024-52: Economic geography determinants of spatial wage disparities in South Africa: Evidence from a firm‐level panel

Sanduku Mulumba, Lawrence Edwards and David Fadiran

wp-2024-51: Plague, war, and exodus? The effects of desert locust swarms on migration intentions in Yemen

Yashodhan Ghorpade

wp-2024-50: The political economy of structural transformation in African cities: Insights from the Deals and Development framework

Kunal Sen

wp-2024-49: Statebuilding in fragile countries: What can we learn from past stateness?

Andrea Vaccaro and Rachel M. Gisselquist

wp-2024-48: Affirmative action around the world: insights from a new dataset (update)

Rachel M. Gisselquist, Min Jung Kim, Simone Schotte and Chinmayi Srikanth

wp-2024-47: From empire to aid: Analysing persistence of colonial legacies in foreign aid to Africa

Swetha Ramachandran

wp-2024-46: New estimates of the cost of ending poverty and its global distribution

Andy Sumner and Arief Anshory Yusuf

wp-2024-45: Quid pro quo: how the wartime economy shapes the violent contestation of the state after war

Laura Saavedra-Lux

wp-2024-44: Surviving in the dark: the mortality effects of reducing rolling blackouts

Joshua Budlender

wp-2024-43: The experimented society: interventions, social science, and the failure of post-conflict reconstruction in Afghanistan

Jennifer Brick Murtazashvili

wp-2024-42: The determinants of domestic savings in Cameroon: what role for institutions?

Abrams M.E. Tagem and Desiree Sama-Lang