Kazakhstan Jobs Strategy

Thomas Farole and Victoria Strokova

No 27642683, Jobs Group Papers, Notes, and Guides from The World Bank

Abstract: Kazakhstan is a unique country in a unique part of the world. Its uniqueness is important, as it shapes the opportunities and economic realities faced by the country, as well as the political responses to those challenges. Since independence in 1992, Kazakhstan has made rapid progress in transitioning to an upper-middle income country. This sustained growth has enabled Kazakhstan to achieve rapid reductions in poverty. This note draws on a large body of recent and ongoing analyses carried out by the World Bank, the Government of Kazakhstan, and other partners. The strategy, in turn, aims to enhance the impact of the government’s policies, programs, and projects on the availability, diversity, quality, and sustainability of jobs. The remainder of the note is structured as follows: Section 2 provides a detailed review of the state of jobs in Kazakhstan, reviewing recent progress and analyzing the nature of the challenges around self-employment; Section 3 introduces a framework for thinking about a jobs strategy in Kazakhstan, and provides an initial overview of the current situation and government response along each of its dimensions, as well as some potential policies for consideration; and Section 4 concludes.

Keywords: Upper Middle Income Countries; labor force participation rate; real per capita income; contribution to poverty reduction; female labor force participation; Technical and Vocational Education; short period of time; population living in poverty; competitive real exchange rate; information and communication technology; Job Creation; labor market outcome; productivity growth; output per worker; public infrastructure investment; share of wage; number of jobs; public sector employment; global financial crisis; share of employment; working age population; competitive private sector; labor market participation; public employment service; natural resource rent; labor productivity growth; oil price collapse; Natural Resource Wealth; competitiveness and jobs; unpaid family worker; global value chain; regional trading partners; privileges and immunity; real wage growth; skill and jobs; access to job; account advance rate; net job creation; social security contribution; barriers to mobility; natural resource endowment; entire labor force; social services delivery; labor force growth; lack of skill; composition of employment; technical vocational education; national poverty line; quality and relevance; labor market impact; labor market situation; private sector employment; measure of poverty; female retirement age; barrier to entry; domestic labor market; contributing family workers; labor market entrant; labor market adjustment; reduction in poverty; private sector wage; adequate safety net; increase in enrolment; benchmark poverty line; agricultural self-employment; wage employment; active labor; job growth; social insurance; supply side; significant challenge; strategic framework; average duration; agricultural sector; quality employment; self-employment rate; secondary city; metropolitan area; business environment; local market; market failure; global commodity; long-term unemployment; market economy; net growth; age cohort; geographical position; unemployment rate; resource-rich country; landlocked country; agricultural employment; human capital; improving governance; general population; inclusive growth; Advisory services; fiscal management; population group; productive employment; skill development; total employment; spatial mismatch; employment share; attending school; cyclical component; declining unemployment; working population; economic slowdown; youth unemployment; unemployment decline; global condition; earnings growth; external environment; Fiscal Stimulus; weak demand; derived demand; domestic economy; wage gap; sustainable way; real growth; productivity change; external balance; land mass; skilled labor; average wage; Real estate; government response; regional economy; geographical area; retail trade; productivity agricultural; comprehensive view; industry cluster; wage gain; aggregate productivity; Job Quality; increase growth; commercial capital; small population; comprehensive strategy; social capital; information flow; rich economy; high wage; unemployment benefit; poverty headcount; labor supply; local value; skill mismatch; strategic guidance; Trade Policies; job market; product market; equitable access; enabling environment; commercial purpose; vulnerable group; skilled workforce; program leader; dorsati madani; improving competition; copyright owner; sole responsibility; regulatory environment; dramatic reduction; formal employment; original work; labor demand; climatic condition; old age; tertiary enrollment; youth employment; business survey; social assistance; construction sector; agriculture sector; professional service; Mineral Sector; macroeconomic framework; oil revenue; regional market; global integration; demographic trend; aggregate term; Financial Sector; tradable sector; young people; Trade Policy; industrial sector; global market; Population Density; headcount poverty; high share; job opportunities; employment outcome; job opportunity; economic sector; government's policy; domestic demand; export sector; adult population; wage worker; written contract (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Pages: 88
Date: 2017-01-01
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