Embedded Collective Governance and Firm Strategy: The Case of New Zealand's Maori Advisory Committee

Egbert Amoncio, Alexander Cuntz and Alessio Muscarnera

No 101, WIPO Economic Research Working Papers from World Intellectual Property Organization - Economics and Statistics Division

Abstract: Firms increasingly build competitive advantage on cultural resources whose value derives from collective meaning, yet existing institutions either remove those symbols from the market or fail to protect them in time. We study the concept of embedded collective governance (ECG) for the use of traditional cultural expression: a governance form that embeds culturally-informed community review directly within market access institutions. We argue that ECG operates through two channels. Screening regulates entry at the registration gate. Certification rewards cultural alignment at the renewal margin, generating a premium for trademarks that survive culturally informed community review. We test ECG at the trademark level and the portfolio level using New Zealand's 2003 Trademarks Act, which placed a Maori Advisory Committee (MAC) within the trademark system. Results confirm both channels: Maori related trademarks are less likely to be registered and expire in New Zealand relative to abroad. At the trademark level, effects concentrate where commercial incentives are strongest. These results carry a broader policy implication: integrating culturally-informed community review with the state's gatekeeping process can help align firm incentives with community interests without removing cultural resources from the market.

Keywords: Traditional Knowledge; Embedded Governance; Trademark Strategy; Certification; Cultural IP (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: D02 L15 O34 O38 Z10 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2026-10
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