Economies Of Scale

Brent Ambrose, Michael J. Highfield and Peter Linneman

Zell/Lurie Center Working Papers from Wharton School Samuel Zell and Robert Lurie Real Estate Center, University of Pennsylvania

Abstract: Efficiency grows, in production and in operations, as size increases. This incentive has led to recent record levels of mergers, acquisitions, and global consolidation in such diverse industries as railroads, oil and gas refining, cement, steel, and brewing. The consolidation of the banking industry after deregulation in the 1980s has had significant ramifications for the real estate industry. Real estate investment surged initially through debt provided by banks and savings and loans. But, since 100 percent loans have disappeared, and large amounts of equity are needed to own real estate, it is likely that the real estate industry will follow the example of other capital-intensive industries and enter a period of consolidation. Evidence based on capital costs for equity REITS from 1997 and 1998 indicates that the REIT industry continues to enjoy significant economies of scale, and it appears that capital costs are the primary factor determining REIT growth.

References: Add references at CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (2)

Downloads: (external link)
http://realestate.wharton.upenn.edu/papers/full/358.pdf (application/pdf)
Access to the full text of the articles in this series is restricted

Related works:
This item may be available elsewhere in EconPapers: Search for items with the same title.

Export reference: BibTeX RIS (EndNote, ProCite, RefMan) HTML/Text

Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:wop:pennzl:358

Access Statistics for this paper

More papers in Zell/Lurie Center Working Papers from Wharton School Samuel Zell and Robert Lurie Real Estate Center, University of Pennsylvania Contact information at EDIRC.
Bibliographic data for series maintained by Thomas Krichel ().