Details about Steven Levitt

Access statistics for papers by Steven Levitt.

Last updated 2008-10-26. Update your information in the RePEc Author Service.

Short-id: ple59

Working Papers

2009

1. An Empirical Analysis of the Gender Gap in Mathematics
   NBER Working Papers, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc View citations
2. Checkmate: Exploring Backward Induction Among Chess Players
   NBER Working Papers, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc
3. Professionals Do Not Play Minimax: Evidence from Major League Baseball and the National Football League
   NBER Working Papers, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc
4. Was there Really a Hawthorne Effect at the Hawthorne Plant? An Analysis of the Original Illumination Experiments
   NBER Working Papers, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc
5. What Happens in the Field Stays in the Field: Exploring Whether Professionals Play Minimax in Laboratory Experiments
   NBER Working Papers, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc View citations

2008

6. Field Experiments in Economics: The Past, The Present, and The Future
   NBER Working Papers, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc View citations
7. The Plight of Mixed Race Adolescents
   NBER Working Papers, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc View citations

2007

8. Hatred and Profits: Getting Under the Hood of the Ku Klux Klan
   NBER Working Papers, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc

2006

9. An Economist Sells Bagels: A Case Study in Profit Maximization
   NBER Working Papers, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc View citations
10. Evaluating the Effectiveness of Child Safety Seats and Seat Belts in Protecting Children from Injury
    NBER Working Papers, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc
11. Measurement Error, Legalized Abortion, and the Decline in Crime: A Response to Foote and Goetz (2005)
    NBER Working Papers, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc
12. Testing for Racial Differences in the Mental Ability of Young Children
    NBER Working Papers, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc

2005

13. Evidence that Seat Belts are as Effective as Child Safety Seats in Preventing Death for Children Aged Two and Up
    NBER Working Papers, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc View citations
    See also Journal Article in The Review of Economics and Statistics (2008)
14. Market Distortions when Agents are Better Informed: The Value of Information in Real Estate Transactions
    NBER Working Papers, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc View citations
    See also Journal Article in The Review of Economics and Statistics (2008)
15. Measuring the Impact of Crack Cocaine
    NBER Working Papers, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc View citations
16. The Black-White Test Score Gap Through Third Grade
    NBER Working Papers, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc View citations
    See also Journal Article in American Law and Economics Review (2006)

2003

17. Catching Cheating Teachers: The Results of an Unusual Experiment in Implementing Theory
    NBER Working Papers, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc View citations
18. Further Evidence that Legalized Abortion Lowered Crime: A Reply to Joyce
    NBER Working Papers, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc View citations
19. How Do Markets Function? An Empirical Analysis of Gambling on the National Football League
    NBER Working Papers, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc View citations
20. Rotten Apples: An Investigation of the Prevalence and Predictors of Teacher Cheating
    NBER Working Papers, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc View citations
    Also in Berkeley Olin Program in Law & Economics, Working Paper Series, Berkeley Olin Program in Law & Economics (2002) View citations
    See also Journal Article in The Quarterly Journal of Economics (2003)
21. Testing Theories of Discrimination: Evidence from "Weakest Link"
    NBER Working Papers, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc View citations
    See also Journal Article in Journal of Law & Economics (2004)
22. The Causes and Consequences of Distinctively Black Names
    NBER Working Papers, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc View citations
    See also Journal Article in The Quarterly Journal of Economics (2004)
23. The Effect of School Choice on Student Outcomes: Evidence from Randomized Lotteries
    NBER Working Papers, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc View citations

2002

24. Understanding the Black-White Test Score Gap in the First Two Years of School
    NBER Working Papers, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc View citations
    See also Journal Article in The Review of Economics and Statistics (2004)

2001

25. An Empirical Analysis of Imprisoning Drug Offenders
    NBER Working Papers, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc View citations
    See also Journal Article in Journal of Public Economics (2004)

2000

26. Crimen en Colombia: análisis y sugerencias de política
    INFORMES DE INVESTIGACIÓN, FEDESARROLLO View citations
27. The Impact of Legalized Abortion on Crime
    NBER Working Papers, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc View citations
    Also in Berkeley Olin Program in Law & Economics, Working Paper Series, Berkeley Olin Program in Law & Economics (2000) View citations
    See also Journal Article in The Quarterly Journal of Economics (2001)
28. The Impact of School Choice on Student Outcomes: An Analysis of the Chicago Public Schools
    NBER Working Papers, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc View citations
    See also Journal Article in Journal of Public Economics (2005)
29. Understanding Crime in Colombia and What Can Be Done About It
    WORKING PAPERS SERIES. DOCUMENTOS DE TRABAJO, FEDESARROLLO View citations
30. Winning Isn't Everything: Corruption in Sumo Wrestling
    NBER Working Papers, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc View citations
    See also Journal Article in American Economic Review (2002)

1999

31. Estimating the Effect of Alcohol on Driver Risk Using Only Fatal Accident Statistics
    NBER Working Papers, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc View citations
32. Legalized Abortion and Crime
    JCPR Working Papers, Northwestern University/University of Chicago Joint Center for Poverty Research View citations
33. Sample Selection in the Estimation of Air Bag and Seat Belt Effectiveness
    NBER Working Papers, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc View citations
    See also Journal Article in The Review of Economics and Statistics (2001)

1998

34. An Economic Analysis of a Drug-Selling Gang's Finances
    NBER Working Papers, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc View citations
    See also Journal Article in The Quarterly Journal of Economics (2000)
35. The Impact of Race on Policing, Arrest Patterns, and Crime
    NBER Working Papers, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc View citations
36. Using Sentence Enhancements to Distinguish between Deterrence and Incapacitation
    NBER Working Papers, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc
    See also Journal Article in Journal of Law & Economics (1999)

1997

37. Juvenile Crime and Punishment
    NBER Working Papers, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc View citations
    See also Journal Article in Journal of Political Economy (1998)
38. Measuring Positive Externalities from Unobservable Victim Precaution: An Empirical Analysis of Lojack
    NBER Working Papers, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc View citations
    See also Journal Article in The Quarterly Journal of Economics (1998)

1996

39. Crime, Urban Flight, and the Consequences for Cities
    NBER Working Papers, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc View citations
    See also Journal Article in The Review of Economics and Statistics (1999)

1995

40. The Effect of Prison Population Size on Crime Rates: Evidence From Prison Overcrowding Litigation
    NBER Working Papers, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc View citations
    See also Journal Article in The Quarterly Journal of Economics (1996)
41. The Impact of Federal Spending on House Election Outcomes
    NBER Working Papers, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc View citations
    See also Journal Article in Journal of Political Economy (1997)
42. Using Electoral Cycles in Police Hiring to Estimate the Effect of Policeon Crime
    NBER Working Papers, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc View citations
    See also Journal Article in American Economic Review (1997)
43. Why Do Increased Arrest Rates Appear to Reduce Crime: Deterrence, Incapacitation, or Measurement Error?
    NBER Working Papers, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc View citations
    See also Journal Article in Economic Inquiry (1998)

1994

44. Congressional Distributive Politics and State Economic Performance
    NBER Working Papers, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc View citations
    See also Journal Article in Public Choice (1999)

Journal Articles

2008

1. Evidence that Seat Belts Are as Effective as Child Safety Seats in Preventing Death for Children Aged Two and Up
   The Review of Economics and Statistics, 2008, 90, (1), 158-163
   See also Working Paper (2005)
2. Exploring the Impact of Financial Incentives on Stereotype Threat: Evidence from a Pilot Study
   American Economic Review, 2008, 98, (2), 370-75 View citations
3. Market Distortions When Agents Are Better Informed: The Value of Information in Real Estate Transactions
   The Review of Economics and Statistics, 2008, 90, (4), 599-611 View citations
   See also Working Paper (2005)
4. Measurement Error, Legalized Abortion, and the Decline in Crime: A Response to Foote and Goetz
   The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 2008, 123, (1), 425-440 View citations

2007

5. Viewpoint: On the generalizability of lab behaviour to the field
   Canadian Journal of Economics, 2007, 40, (2), 347-370 View citations
6. What Do Laboratory Experiments Measuring Social Preferences Reveal About the Real World?
   Journal of Economic Perspectives, 2007, 21, (2), 153-174 View citations
7. What Does Performance in Graduate School Predict? Graduate Economics Education and Student Outcomes
   American Economic Review, 2007, 97, (2), 512-520 View citations

2006

8. The Black-White Test Score Gap Through Third Grade
   American Law and Economics Review, 2006, 8, (2), 249-281 View citations
   See also Working Paper (2005)
9. The Effect of School Choice on Participants: Evidence from Randomized Lotteries
   Econometrica, 2006, 74, (5), 1191-1230 View citations
10. White-Collar Crime Writ Small: A Case Study of Bagels, Donuts, and the Honor System
    American Economic Review, 2006, 96, (2), 290-294 View citations

2005

11. The impact of school choice on student outcomes: an analysis of the Chicago Public Schools
    Journal of Public Economics, 2005, 89, (5-6), 729-760 View citations
    See also Working Paper (2000)

2004

12. An empirical analysis of imprisoning drug offenders
    Journal of Public Economics, 2004, 88, (9-10), 2043-2066 View citations
    See also Working Paper (2001)
13. Testing Theories of Discrimination: Evidence from Weakest Link
    Journal of Law & Economics, 2004, 47, (2), 431-52 View citations
    See also Working Paper (2003)
14. The Causes and Consequences of Distinctively Black Names
    The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 2004, 119, (3), 767-805 View citations
    See also Working Paper (2003)
15. Understanding Why Crime Fell in the 1990s: Four Factors That Explain the Decline and Six That Do Not
    Journal of Economic Perspectives, 2004, 18, (1), 163-190 View citations
16. Understanding the Black-White Test Score Gap in the First Two Years of School
    The Review of Economics and Statistics, 2004, 86, (2), 447-464 View citations
    See also Working Paper (2002)
17. Why are gambling markets organised so differently from financial markets?
    Economic Journal, 2004, 114, (495), 223-246 View citations

2003

18. An Examination of the Influence of Theory and Individual Theorists on Empirical Research in Microeconomics
    American Economic Review, 2003, 93, (2), 151-155
19. Prison Conditions, Capital Punishment, and Deterrence
    American Law and Economics Review, 2003, 5, (2), 318-343 View citations
20. Review of Drug War Heresies by MacCoun and Reuter
    Journal of Economic Literature, 2003, 41, (2), 540-544 View citations
21. Rotten Apples: An Investigation Of The Prevalence And Predictors Of Teacher Cheating
    The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 2003, 118, (3), 843-877 View citations
    See also Working Paper (2003)

2002

22. Testing Mixed-Strategy Equilibria When Players Are Heterogeneous: The Case of Penalty Kicks in Soccer
    American Economic Review, 2002, 92, (4), 1138-1151 View citations
23. Using Electoral Cycles in Police Hiring to Estimate the Effects of Police on Crime: Reply
    American Economic Review, 2002, 92, (4), 1244-1250 View citations
24. Winning Isn't Everything: Corruption in Sumo Wrestling
    American Economic Review, 2002, 92, (5), 1594-1605 View citations
    See also Working Paper (2000)

2001

25. Growing Up in the Projects: The Economic Lives of a Cohort of Men Who Came of Age in Chicago Public Housing
    American Economic Review, 2001, 91, (2), 79-84
26. How Dangerous Are Drinking Drivers?
    Journal of Political Economy, 2001, 109, (6), 1198-1237 View citations
27. Sample Selection In The Estimation Of Air Bag And Seat Belt Effectiveness
    The Review of Economics and Statistics, 2001, 83, (4), 603-615 View citations
    See also Working Paper (1999)
28. The Impact Of Legalized Abortion On Crime
    The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 2001, 116, (2), 379-420 View citations
    See also Working Paper (2000)
29. The Impact of Race on Policing and Arrests
    Journal of Law & Economics, 2001, 44, (2), 367-94 View citations

2000

30. An Economic Analysis Of A Drug-Selling Gang'S Finances
    The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 2000, 115, (3), 755-789 View citations
    See also Working Paper (1998)

1999

31. Congressional Distributive Politics and State Economic Performance
    Public Choice, 1999, 99, (1-2), 185-216 View citations
    See also Working Paper (1994)
32. Crime, Urban Flight, And The Consequences For Cities
    The Review of Economics and Statistics, 1999, 81, (2), 159-169 View citations
    See also Working Paper (1996)
33. The changing relationship between income and crime victimization
    Economic Policy Review, 1999, (Sep), 87-98 View citations
34. Using Sentence Enhancements to Distinguish between Deterrence and Incapacitation
    Journal of Law & Economics, 1999, 42, (1), 343-63 View citations
    See also Working Paper (1998)

1998

35. Are PACs Trying to Influence Politicians or Voters?
    Economics and Politics, 1998, 10, (1), 19-35 View citations
36. Guns, Violence, and the Efficiency of Illegal Markets
    American Economic Review, 1998, 88, (2), 463-67 View citations
37. Juvenile Crime and Punishment
    Journal of Political Economy, 1998, 106, (6), 1156-1185 View citations
    See also Working Paper (1997)
38. Measuring Positive Externalities From Unobservable Victim Precaution: An Empirical Analysis Of Lojack
    The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 1998, 113, (1), 43-77 View citations
    See also Working Paper (1997)
39. The Hazards of Moral Hazard: Comment on Goff, Shughart, and Tollison
    Economic Inquiry, 1998, 36, (4), 685-87
40. Why Do Increased Arrest Rates Appear to Reduce Crime: Deterrence, Incapacitation, or Measurement Error?
    Economic Inquiry, 1998, 36, (3), 353-72 View citations
    See also Working Paper (1995)

1997

41. Incentive compatibility constraints as an explanation for the use of prison sentences instead of fines
    International Review of Law and Economics, 1997, 17, (2), 179-192 View citations
42. Is No. News Bad News? Information Transmission and the Role of "Early Warning" in the Principal-Agent Model
    RAND Journal of Economics, 1997, 28, (4), 641-661 View citations
43. The Impact of Federal Spending on House Election Outcomes
    Journal of Political Economy, 1997, 105, (1), 30-53 View citations
    See also Working Paper (1995)
44. Using Electoral Cycles in Police Hiring to Estimate the Effect of Police on Crime
    American Economic Review, 1997, 87, (3), 270-90 View citations
    See also Working Paper (1995)

1996

45. How Do Senators Vote? Disentangling the Role of Voter Preferences, Party Affiliation, and Senate Ideology
    American Economic Review, 1996, 86, (3), 425-41 View citations
46. The Effect of Prison Population Size on Crime Rates: Evidence from Prison Overcrowding Litigation
    The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 1996, 111, (2), 319-51 View citations
    See also Working Paper (1995)

1995

47. Optimal Incentive Schemes When Only the Agents' "Best" Output Matters to the Principal
    RAND Journal of Economics, 1995, 26, (4), 744-760 View citations
48. Policy Watch: Congressional Campaign Finance Reform
    Journal of Economic Perspectives, 1995, 9, (1), 183-93 View citations

1994

49. Using Repeat Challengers to Estimate the Effect of Campaign Spending on Election Outcomes in the U.S. House
    Journal of Political Economy, 1994, 102, (4), 777-98 View citations

Chapters

2007

1. Empirical Study of Criminal Punishment
   Elsevier View citations

2001

2. The Determinants of Juvenile Crime
   A chapter in Risky Behavior among Youths: An Economic Analysis, 2001, pp 327-374 View citations

Editor

1. Journal of Political Economy
   University of Chicago Press