Experimental Design-Based Optimization of Football Manufacturing: A Case Study of Anwar Khawaja Industries

Muhammad Nauman, Misbah Ullah, Muhammad Junaid ()
Additional contact information
Muhammad Nauman, Misbah Ullah, Muhammad Junaid: Department of Industrial EngineeringUniversity of Engineering and TechnologyPeshawar, Pakistan

International Journal of Innovations in Science & Technology, 2025, vol. 7, issue 7, 25-37

Abstract: This study aims to investigate the critical factors influencing the weight and quality of football bladders during the manufacturing process, with a focus on optimizing production at Anwar Khwaja Industries (Pvt) Limited, Sialkot. This research employs the Definitive Screening Design (DSD) to identify and quantify the impact of key variables, including material composition and process parameters, on the final product’s performance. Among the factors analyzed, Calcium Carbonate (CaCO3) emerged as the most significant factor, demonstrating a strong effect on the response variable. Additionally, interactions between Sulphur–CaCO3, Zinc Oxide–BHT, and CaCO3–BHT were found to be critical in determining football quality, durability, and cost–efficiency. Statistical analysis, including regression modeling and ANOVA, underscores these relationships but also reveals model limitations. This study also addresses model accuracy concerns, reporting an R–R-squared value of 52.2%, while the low adjusted R2 (19.4%) and predicative R2 (0.0%) indicate limited generalizability. To address multicollinearity concerns, the factor reduction technique was applied, improving the reliability of experimental findings. The study emphasizes the role of advanced statistical techniques in optimizing manufacturing processes to maintain Pakistan’s global leadership in football production.

Keywords: Manufacturing; Football Bladder; Definitive Screening Design (DSD); ANOVA (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations:

Downloads: (external link)
https://journal.50sea.com/index.php/IJIST/article/view/1332/1892 (application/pdf)
https://journal.50sea.com/index.php/IJIST/article/view/1332 (text/html)

Related works:
This item may be available elsewhere in EconPapers: Search for items with the same title.

Export reference: BibTeX RIS (EndNote, ProCite, RefMan) HTML/Text

Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:abq:ijist1:v:7:y:2025:i:7:p:25-37

Access Statistics for this article

International Journal of Innovations in Science & Technology is currently edited by Prof. Dr. Syed Amer Mahmood

More articles in International Journal of Innovations in Science & Technology from 50sea
Bibliographic data for series maintained by Iqra Nazeer ().