Boserup versus Malthis: does population pressure drive agricultural intensification? Evidence from Burundi

Sam Desiere and Marijke D'Haese

No 211571, 2015 Conference, August 9-14, 2015, Milan, Italy from International Association of Agricultural Economists

Abstract: Will a growing population lead to depletion of natural resources and eventually economic collapse, as predicted by Malthus, or rather to innovations in the agricultural sector improving agricultural potential of land, as hypothesized by Boserup? This centuries-old puzzle is as relevant as ever in some densely populated regions of Sub-Saharan Africa where population growth is still alarmingly high and shows no sign of slowing down, leading to enormous pressure on land. In this paper, we quantify the relationship between population pressure and land intensification in Burundi, one of the most densely populated regions in Africa. Using data from a nationally representative agricultural survey (n=2050), we find evidence of both Malthusian and Boserupian processes. In line with Boserup’s theory, the use of fertilizer and labour, yields and food production initially increases with population pressure, but decreases again when population densities exceed a critical threshold, supporting Malthus’ prediction. These limits to intensification confirm findings from previous studies on densely populated regions in Sub-Saharan Africa.

Keywords: Agribusiness; Crop Production/Industries (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Pages: 30
Date: 2015
New Economics Papers: this item is included in nep-evo and nep-gro
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Citations: View citations in EconPapers (1)

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Working Paper: Boserup versus Malthus: does population pressure drive agricultural intensification? Evidence from Burundi (2015)
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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:ags:iaae15:211571

DOI: 10.22004/ag.econ.211571

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