Who bears the distance cost of public primary healthcare? Hypertension among the elderly in rural India

Bertrand Lefebvre, Abhiroop Mukhopadhyay and Vastaf and only if the other epistemic institutions are ineptimal strategy involves a mixture of confirmatory and (a minimal amount of) contrarian re- porting, with the contrarian elements being used to create a false perception that no news is good news, which in turn allows the platform to camouflage the fact that it is suppressing all but one unwelcome signals. Further, public good implementation is iner very inef the other epistemic institutions (EIs) of the soci- ety. In general, when the EIs are neither very eIn the presence of individuals who think ‘categorically’, we demonstrate that profit- maximizing social media platforms indulge in identity-based censoring, with the nature of bias depending on the e`v Ratra ptimal strategy involves a mixture of confirmatory and (a minimal amount of) contrarian re- porting, with the contrarian elements being used to create a false perception that no news is good news, which in turn allows the platform to camouflage the fact that it is suppressing all but one unwelcome signals. Further, public good implementation is iner very inef the other epistemic institutions (EIs) of the soci- ety. In general, when the EIs are neither very eIn the presence of individuals who think ‘categorically’, we demonstrate that profit- maximizing social media platforms indulge in identity-based censoring, with the nature of bias depending on the e` r very inef the other epistemic institutions (EIs) of the soci- ety. In general, when the EIs are neither very eIn the presence of individuals who think ‘categorically’, we demonstrate that profit- maximizing social media platforms indulge in identity-based censoring, with the nature of bias depending on the e` f the other epistemic institutions (EIs) of the soci- ety. In general, when the EIs are neither very eIn the presence of individuals who think ‘categorically’, we demonstrate that profit- maximizing social media platforms indulge in identity-based censoring, with the nature of bias depending on the e`
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Bertrand Lefebvre: IFP, Pondicherry
Vastaf and only if the other epistemic institutions are ineptimal strategy involves a mixture of confirmatory and (a minimal amount of) contrarian re- porting, with the contrarian elements being used to create a false perception that no news is good news, which in turn allows the platform to camouflage the fact that it is suppressing all but one unwelcome signals. Further, public good implementation is iner very inef the other epistemic institutions (EIs) of the soci- ety. In general, when the EIs are neither very eIn the presence of individuals who think ‘categorically’, we demonstrate that profit- maximizing social media platforms indulge in identity-based censoring, with the nature of bias depending on the e`v Ratra ptimal strategy involves a mixture of confirmatory and (a minimal amount of) contrarian re- porting, with the contrarian elements being used to create a false perception that no news is good news, which in turn allows the platform to camouflage the fact that it is suppressing all but one unwelcome signals. Further, public good implementation is iner very inef the other epistemic institutions (EIs) of the soci- ety. In general, when the EIs are neither very eIn the presence of individuals who think ‘categorically’, we demonstrate that profit- maximizing social media platforms indulge in identity-based censoring, with the nature of bias depending on the e` r very inef the other epistemic institutions (EIs) of the soci- ety. In general, when the EIs are neither very eIn the presence of individuals who think ‘categorically’, we demonstrate that profit- maximizing social media platforms indulge in identity-based censoring, with the nature of bias depending on the e` f the other epistemic institutions (EIs) of the soci- ety. In general, when the EIs are neither very eIn the presence of individuals who think ‘categorically’, we demonstrate that profit- maximizing social media platforms indulge in identity-based censoring, with the nature of bias depending on the e`: IEG, Delhi

Discussion Papers from Indian Statistical Institute, Delhi

Abstract: Hypertension is one of the most prevalent NCDs in the world. Its prevalence is especially high among the elderly, a demographic groups on the rise in middle and low income countries. Extant medical literature calls for early detection to prevent aggravation of problems when old. In this paper, we investigate whether diagnosis of hypertension among adults aged 45 and above, is correlated with geographic access to primary public healthcare services, after accounting for a rich set of potentially confound- ing covariates. Our study focuses on rural India where access to public primary health services is especially poor but hypertension rates are high. We find that hypertensive adults belonging to poor households, face a dis- tance cost of public primary health facilities- and are 8 percent less likely to be aware of their hypertension when Primary Health Centres are 10 km away. Since almost 27 percent of villages in India are at least 10 km away from PHCs, this exclusionary effect is significant. Our analysis suggests that even though public primary facilities are poorly staffed and managed in India, and private care is popular, geographical expansion of public pri- mary facilities can still play an active role in NCDs and public primary health financing should take heed of the need for such expansion.

Keywords: hypertension; elderly; ageing; distance; primary care (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I14 I15 I18 J14 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Pages: 58 pages
Date: 2024-04
New Economics Papers: this item is included in nep-age and nep-dev
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