What do we know about opportunities and challenges for localities from Cannabis legalization?

Parisa Kavousi, Taylor Giamo, Gwen Arnold, Mateo Alliende, Elisabeth Huynh, Jaclyn Lea, Rachel Lucine, Alexandria Tillett Miller, Alana Webre, Aneka Yee, Adrianna Champagne‐Zamora and Keith Taylor

Review of Policy Research, 2022, vol. 39, issue 2, 143-169

Abstract: This review article assays the scholarly and popular press literature on the opportunities and challenges the growing legalized cannabis industry offers U.S. local governments and communities. Localities are an important focus because in many states with legalized cannabis, local jurisdictions have authority to prevent or condition its cultivation, sale, and use. Opportunities potentially flowing to localities from legalization include increased tax revenues and land values, business expansion, and increased employment; public health and safety benefits; and the potential for legalization to advance social and racial inclusion. Challenges include the possibility that economic benefits will be more limited than anticipated; complex regulatory environments facing local governments and cannabis businesses, possible increases in pollution, blight, and public health and safety concerns; and less advancement of social and racial equity than hoped by advocates. We offer recommendations for scholars investigating cannabis governance concerns and practitioners directly grappling with them. 本篇述评分析了关于“不断兴起的合法化大麻产业为美国地方政府和社区带来的机遇与挑战”的学术文献和大众刊物。地方 (Localities) 是一个重点, 因为在许多批准大麻合法化的州中, 地方管辖机构有权阻止或影响大麻的种植、销售及住用。大麻合法化可能为地方带来的机遇包括: 税收增加和土地价值增加、商业扩大、就业增加; 公共卫生和安全利益; 以及合法化在促进社会包容和种族包容方面的可能性。挑战包括: 经济利益将比预期更为受限的可能性; 地方政府和大麻产业面临的复杂监管环境、可能的污染恶化、作物疫病、公共卫生和安全关切; 以及比大麻倡导者预期更少的社会公平进步和种族公平进步。我们为研究大麻治理关切的学者和直接应对这些关切的从业人员提供一系列建议。 Este artículo de revisión analiza la literatura de prensa académica y popular sobre las oportunidades y desafíos que ofrece la creciente industria legalizada del cannabis a los gobiernos y comunidades locales de EE. UU. Las localidades son un foco importante porque en muchos estados con cannabis legalizado, las jurisdicciones locales tienen autoridad para prevenir o condicionar su cultivo, venta y uso. Las oportunidades que potencialmente fluyen a las localidades a partir de la legalización incluyen el aumento de los ingresos fiscales y el valor de la tierra, la expansión comercial y el aumento del empleo; beneficios de salud pública y seguridad; y el potencial de la legalización para promover la inclusión social y racial. Los desafíos incluyen la posibilidad de que los beneficios económicos sean más limitados de lo previsto; entornos regulatorios complejos a los que se enfrentan los gobiernos locales y las empresas de cannabis, posibles aumentos de la contaminación, las plagas y los problemas de salud y seguridad pública; y menos avance de la equidad social y racial de lo que esperaban los defensores. Ofrecemos recomendaciones para académicos que investigan las preocupaciones sobre la gobernanza del cannabis y para los profesionales que las abordan directamente.

Date: 2022
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