Endogenous Insurance and Informal Relationships

Xiao Yu Wang

No 13-24, Working Papers from Duke University, Department of Economics

Abstract: A rich literature seeks to explain the distinctive features of equilibrium institutions arising in risky environments which lack formal insurance and credit markets. I develop a theory of endogenous matching between heterogeneously risk-averse individuals who, once matched, choose both the riskiness of the income stream they face (ex ante risk management) as well as how to share that risk (ex post risk management). I find a clean condition on the fundamentals of the model for unique positive-assortative and negative-assortative matching in risk attitudes. From this, I derive an intuitive falsifiability condition, discuss support for the theory in existing empirical work, and propose an experimental design to test the theory. Finally, I demonstrate the policy importance of understanding informal insurance as the risk-sharing achieved within the equilibrium network of partnerships, rather than within a single, isolated partnership. A hypothetical policy which reduces aggregate risk is a strict Pareto improvement if the matching is unchanged, but can be seen to harm the most risk-averse individuals and to exacerbate inequality when the endogenous network response is taken into account: the least risk-averse individuals abandon their roles as informal insurers in favor of entrepreneurial partnerships. This results in an increase in the risk borne by the most risk-averse agents, who must now match with each other on low-return investments.

Keywords: assortative matching; risk sharing; informal insurance; formal insurance; group formation (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O1 O13 O16 O17 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Pages: 64
Date: 2013
New Economics Papers: this item is included in nep-mfd
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Citations: View citations in EconPapers (2)

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