Esterification of oleic acid to biodiesel using magnetic ionic liquid: Multi-objective optimization and kinetic study

Ahmad Hafiidz Mohammad Fauzi, Nor Aishah Saidina Amin and Ramli Mat

Applied Energy, 2014, vol. 114, issue C, 809-818

Abstract: The esterification of oleic acid in the presence of magnetic ionic liquid, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrachloroferrate ([BMIM][FeCl4]) at reaction temperature of 65°C has been investigated. Artificial neural network-genetic algorithm (ANN-GA) was used to simultaneously optimized methyl oleate yield and oleic acid conversion for the reaction. It was found that optimum responses for both yield and conversion were 83.4%, which can be achieved using molar ratio methanol–oleic acid of 22:1, catalyst loading of 0.003mol and reaction time at 3.6h. Esterification of oleic acid at optimum condition using recycled [BMIM][FeCl4] registered not much loss in catalytic activity after six successive runs. Kinetic study indicated that the reaction followed a pseudo-first order reaction, with activation energy and pre-activation energy of 17.97kJ/mol and 181.62min−1, respectively. These values were relatively low compared to homogeneous or heterogeneous catalysts for esterification of oleic acid. Thus, [BMIM][FeCl4] is a promising new type of catalyst for conversion of high free fatty acid (FFA) feeds to biodiesel.

Keywords: Biodiesel; Esterification; Magnetic ionic liquid; Optimization; Kinetic; Recycle (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2014
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Citations: View citations in EconPapers (14)

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DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2013.10.011

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